34th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC 34) - Singapore, Singapore - 2026

https://doi.org/10.24928/2026/0249

Mind the chasm: integrating facility management requirements in design

Oldouz Arshang1, Moslem Sheikhkhoshkar2 & Farook Hamzeh3

1MSc Student, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, [email protected], orcid.org/0009-0008-9770-1247
2Visiting Scholar, University of Greenwich, School of Engineering, London, UK, [email protected], orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-2705
3Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, [email protected], orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-9534

Abstract

Operation and maintenance (O&M) costs include approximately 80% of a facility’s overall expenses, while facility managers are often excluded from decisions made during the design phase. This disconnect results in a mismatch between the actual performance of the facility and what the design outcome is intended to be, leading to higher O&M costs and transfer of inadequate information during handover. While Lean Principles and digital platforms are proposed as solutions, practitioners lack a shared understanding of FM problems to meaningfully integrate FM requirements during design. This study addresses the gap through the lens of Transformation-Flow-Value (TFV) theory, and uses a DSR methodology combining problem identification from literature, extraction, and consolidation of FM requirements. The extraction produced 55 factors, which were grouped into 22 categories spanning stakeholder involvement timing, information quality, maintainability, and sustainability. The proposed taxonomy is lean-consistent and uses TFV theory also as a rule to classify ambiguous factors. This research methodologically contributes to the body of knowledge by developing a practical and structured taxonomy of FM requirements that supports early FM involvement and strengthens designers’ ability to address FM needs in design reviews across different project delivery settings.

Keywords

Facility management, design, integration, lean construction, taxonomy.

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Reference in APA 7th edition format:

Arshang, O., Sheikhkhoshkar, M. & Hamzeh, F.. (2026). Mind the chasm: integrating facility management requirements in design. In Hamzeh, F., Poshdar, M., & Garcia-Lopez,, N. P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC 34) (pp. 1430–1441). https://doi.org/10.24928/2026/0249

Shortened reference for use in IGLC papers:

Arshang, O., Sheikhkhoshkar, M. & Hamzeh, F.. (2026). Mind the chasm: integrating facility management requirements in design. IGLC34. https://doi.org/10.24928/2026/0249

 

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