TY  - CONF
TI  - Developing balanced production flow: a simulation on Mura reduction via Line of Balance
C1  - Singapore, Singapore
C3  - Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC 34)
SP  - 692
EP  - 703
PY  - 2026
DO  - 10.24928/2026/0217
AU  - Nasserzadeh, Fazel
AU  - Karkare, Manik Suresh
AU  - Kulkarni, Saeel Yogin
AU  - Long, Travis
AU  - Hedge, Chahana
AU  - Rybkowski, Zofia K.
AU  - Devkar, Ganesh
AU  - Naik, Dev Hiren
AU  - Goudar, Harikrishna
AU  - Durugkar, Ashwin Mahavir
AU  - Khan, Faisal
AD  - Ph.D. Student, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College  Station, TX, USA, fazel@tamu.edu, orcid.org/0009-0003-2250-5667  
AD  - Master’s Student, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
AD  - Master’s Student, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
AD  - Master’s Student, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
AD  - Master’s Student, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
AD  - Professor, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, zrybkowski@arch.tamu.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-0683-5004 
AD  - Sr.Associate Professor, Faculty of Technology, CEPT University, Gujarat, India, ganesh.devkar@cept.ac.in, orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-1221
AD  - Master’s Student, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
AD  - Master’s Student, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
AD  - Master’s Student, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
AD  - Master’s Student, Department of Construction Science, School of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
ED  - Hamzeh, Farook
ED  - Poshdar, Mani
ED  - Garcia-Lopez,, Nelly P.
AB  - Mura (unevenness) is one of the three fundamental wastes in lean thinking, along with Muda (waste) and Muri (overburden). In construction, Mura appears as irregular resource allocation, unpredictable durations, and unstable workflows that disrupt flow and reduce productivity. While Mura has been widely discussed in lean construction, fewer studies use Line of Balance (LOB) to quantify and visualize unevenness across repetitive work, which limits practical, schedule-based assessment. This study investigates Mura using a simulation that replicates pipe-laying operations. Two cycles are compared: one with unbalanced labor and one applying lean principles such as redistribution of resources and standardization. LOB is used to represent production rate and workflow stability across locations, allowing unevenness and its reduction to be observed directly. Results show that addressing Mura improves flow reliability and overall project performance, supporting more efficient construction planning for repetitive operations.
KW  - Mura
KW  - lean construction
KW  - flow
KW  - simulation
KW  - line of balance.
PB  - 
T2  - Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC 34)
DA  - 2026/06/22
CY  - Singapore, Singapore
L1  - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/2517/pdf
L2  - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/2517
N1  - Export Date: 19 June 2026
DB  - IGLC.net
DP  - IGLC
LA  - English
ER  -