TY - CONF TI - Platform Ecosystems: Unlocking the Subcontractors’ Business Model Opportunities C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 177 EP - 184 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0325 AU - Laine, Enni AU - Alhava, Otto AU - Peltokorpi, Antti AU - Seppänen, Olli AD - Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, enni.laine@aalto.fi AD - Chief Technology Officer, Fira Oy otto.alhava@fira.fi AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, antti.peltokorpi@aalto.fi AD - Professor of Practice, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi AB - Platform ecosystems facilitated by the internet are changing the way market mechanisms work. The platform ecosystem business model, using data and network effects, creates new rules for how value is created and delivered. The viral growth characteristic to platform ecosystems has already caused disruption in several industries. The purpose of the research is to explore business opportunities facilitated by the platform ecosystem business model in the construction sector through an example case of a residential building construction. The key concepts and underpinning logics of the platform ecosystem business model are defined. Interactions between the five lean principles and the platform ecosystem concept are reviewed. Finally, an example case of implementation KW - Lean KW - platform ecosystem KW - business model design KW - network effect KW - construction industry PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1367/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1367 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Last Planner System – the Need for New Metrics C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 637 EP - 644 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0218 AU - Samad, Ghali El AU - Hamzeh, Farook R. AU - Emdanat, Samir AD - Graduate Student, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Lebanon, ghe02@mail.aub.edu AD - Assistant Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Lebanon, +961350000 ext 3616, fax: +961 1 744462, farook.hamzeh@aub.edu.lb AD - Director of Management Services, Ghafari Associates, LLC, 17101 Michigan Avenue, Dearborn, Michigan 48126, semdanat@ghafari.com AB - Several metrics have been used to evaluate the planning performance within the Last Planner System (LPS). Percent Planned Complete (PPC), which measures the reliability of weekly work planning, is the most commonly used metric. However, studies have shown the need to complement PPC with other metrics to measure performance. Researchers have developed many metrics to assess the makeready process, workflow reliability, and weekly work planning. Many of those metrics were either inconsistently used, showed no correlation with the overall project performance, or required data that was too difficult and time-consuming to collect. This paper offers an overview of the various metrics proposed in the literature. It also proposes new metrics and details their calculation method to measure aspects not yet supported by a measurement metric. This paper is useful for last planners who can employ the newly suggested metrics to assess weekly work planning performance taking into account activity characteristics. KW - Last Planner® System KW - Workflow KW - Planning Reliability KW - Metrics PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1368/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1368 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Off-Site Guarding: Look-Ahead Supply Scheduling for Risk Indication With BIM C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 877 EP - 884 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0172 AU - Zeng, Ningshuang AU - König, Markus AU - Teizer, Jochen AD - Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany, ningshuang.zeng@rub.de AD - Professor, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany, koenig@inf.bi.rub.de AD - Senior Lecturer and Researcher, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany, jochen.teizer@rub.de AB - Modern Information and Communication Technology (ICT) make it possible to re-organize the information flow and enhance the physical flow of the Construction Supply Chain (CSC). Considering the resource status and potential risks that exist in the CSC, this paper first explores the current CSC re-organization caused by the application of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and related beneficial conditions created by ICT. It then tackles the problem of controlling risk effectively by off-site guarding the upstream of the CSC. Based on the selected approach, the concept and basic mode of a look-ahead supply schedule is proposed. Finally, results to a use case demonstrate the applica KW - Look-ahead schedule KW - CSC KW - ICT KW - BIM KW - off-site guarding. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1369/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1369 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Design Thinking as a Method of Improving Communication Efficacy. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 437 EP - 444 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0270 AU - Spitler, Laurie AU - Talbot, Laura AD - Customer Engagement Specialist, Autodesk, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA, +1 415 342-1073, laurie.spitler@autodesk.com AD - Customer Engagement Specialist, Autodesk, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA, +1 415 342-1073, laura.talbo@autodesk.com AB - Construction projects can be framed as a network commitments as defined by Linguistic Action Theory. With each project, varied requirements, designs, stakeholders, personalities, and countless other factors create new, indeterminate sets of issues whose resolution will be unique and determined by the linguistic actions of stakeholders. Because of this complexity, project definition and execution can be classified as “wicked problems”, or problems that are undefined in nature and defy a rational solution. “Design Thinking” is a method of creative problem solving that is useful in addressing wicked problems through its use of divergent brainstorming followed by convergent solution development. This paper first uses a case study to demonstrate how one team used Design Thinking to analyze and improve communication between stakeholders, and then proposes how Design Thinking can be added to the lean tool kit as a method of driving continuous improvement. KW - Lean construction KW - computing KW - mixed reality KW - template KW - instructions. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1370/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1370 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - How Research Can Help Transform the Construction Industry C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 293 EP - 300 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0240 AU - Gehbauer, Fritz AU - Ballard, Glenn AU - Leonova, Margarita AD - Professor Emeritus, Institute for Technology and Management in Construction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Am Fasanengarten Geb. 50.31, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany, Phone +49-721 9554631, fritzgehbauer@ t-online.de AD - Research Director, Project Production Systems Laboratory, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept., Univ. of California, Berkeley, 407 McLaughlin Hall, CA94720-1712, USA. ballard@ce.berkeley.edu AD - Ph.D. Student, Tallinn University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ehitajate tee 5, 419086 Tallinn, Estonia., +372 5845 4946, margarita.leonova@ttu.ee AB - According to its website, the International Group for Lean Construction is dedicated to the radical renewal of AEC practice, education and research. As is the way with academic researchers, that objective has been pursued with little explicit coordination. Without expecting everyone to become part of a big machine, this paper presents the benefits expected from collaboration on a high level research program aimed at removing the obstacles to radical renewal. Obstacles to that transformation are proposed, culminating in an appeal for collabration to remove those obstacles. KW - Lean construction KW - industry transformation KW - obstacles KW - paradigms KW - research PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1371/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1371 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Strategies That Can Help Transform the Construction Industry C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 333 EP - 340 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0241 AU - Leonova, Margarita AU - Ballard, Glenn AU - Gehbauer, Fritz AD - Ph.D. Student, Tallinn University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia., +372 5845 4946, margarita.leonova@ttu.ee AD - Research Director, Project Production Systems Laboratory, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept., Univ. of California, Berkeley, 407 McLaughlin Hall, CA94720-1712, USA. ballard@ce.berkeley.edu AD - Professor Emeritus, Institute for Technology and Management in Construction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Am Fasanengarten Geb. 50.31, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany, Phone +49-721 9554631, fritzgehbauer@ t-online.de AB - This paper is an appeal to the various stakeholders committed to lean transformation of global construction to coordinate their efforts, and to recruit others not yet committed. Both opponents and advocates of industry transformation are identified; those who live off the waste are in one corner and those who suffer from unsafe, defective, late and costly construction are in the other. A case is made for an alliance of advocates to develop and coordinate the manifold initiatives that together constitute a strategy for transformation. KW - Lean construction KW - industry transformation KW - research strategies KW - research areas PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1372/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1372 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Impact of Supplier Evaluation on Product Quality C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 11 EP - 18 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0268 AU - Alves, Thais da C. L. AU - Desai, Panthil AU - Needy, Kim L. AU - Hegwood, Ashleigh AU - Musick, Sean AD - Associate Professor, J.R. Filanc Construction Engineering and Management Program, Dept. of Civil, Constr., and Env. Engineering, San Diego State University, USA, talves@mail.sdsu.edu AD - Graduate Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil, Constr., and Env. Engineering, San Diego State University, USA, panthildesai@gmail.com AD - Dean, Graduate School and International Education, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA, kneedy@uark.edu AD - Industrial Engineer, Former University of Arkansas student, Fayetteville, USA, ashleigh.hegwood@gmail.com AD - Director, Performance Excellence, MEI Technologies, Inc. (MEIT), Houston, TX, USA seanmusick@gmail.com AB - Supplier evaluation and engagement are regular topics in the Lean literature at large. It is well known that Toyota extensively works with suppliers to develop their work and capabilities, and provides challenges and feedback to suppliers so that they can achieve the quality requirements defined by the company. In the construction industry, companies conduct evaluations of suppliers, but practitioners cite numerous reasons why supplier evaluations are not constantly shared with suppliers. Moreover, the topic of supplier evaluation and how suppliers’ ratings affect the delivery of products free of defects to construction projects has not received much attention by the IGLC community. This paper presents results of a study, which underscores the importance of conducting supplier evaluation as a means to assure quality products are delivered to construction projects. Findings show that suppliers with low ratings, or who are not evaluated, are assigned more hours of inspection, as are suppliers who subcontract portions of their work. This practice translates not only into additional budgets required to inspect suppliers, but also additional management-related costs. KW - Lean construction KW - supplier evaluation KW - nonconformances KW - quality. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1373/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1373 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Development of a Materials Management Strategy to Enable Continuous Work Flow on-Site. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 853 EP - 860 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0331 AU - Tsao, Cynthia C.Y. AU - Lidelöw, Helena AD - Director of Lean Strategy, Consigli Construction Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA, ctsao@consigli.com and Owner, Navilean, Brookline, MA, USA, research@navilean.com. AD - Associate Professor, Div. of Industrialized and Sustainable Construction, Dept. of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, helena.lidelow@ltu.se AB - When project teams are pressured to limit internal or external Lean coaching due to budgetary concerns, Lean coaches may not have sufficient time to guide project teams in materials management to support milestones. Consequently, while organized project teams will make the time to develop a strategy for managing key materials that impact the critical path, disorganized project teams will more likely manage most materials on an ad-hoc basis. This lack of a materials management strategy then leads to unrealized profits and hidden wastes on projects. As a result, this research seeks to investigate how to develop a basic materials management framework to help project teams begin determining which bulky materials should be: (1) Using a pull system (e.g., through the use of Kanban cards or milk runs) to coordinate deliveries, (2) Kitted off-site vs. on-site, and (3) Organized into prefabricated assemblies. Specifically, this paper will identify various questions, calculations, and artefacts (e.g., equipment for handling and staging materials, signage used to make the materials management strategy transparent to all project participants) that contribute to establishing a comprehensive materials management strategy. In particular, space management emerges as an important tool to organize the flow of materials to match job-site installation rates. KW - Materials Management KW - Space Management KW - Floor Plan Boards KW - Procurement KW - Prefabrication PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1374/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1374 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Learning Simulation Game for Takt Planning and Takt Control C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 227 EP - 233 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0088 AU - Binninger, Marco AU - Dlouhy, Janosch AU - Oprach, Svenja AU - Haghsheno, Shervin AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, marco.binninger@kit.edu AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, janosch.dlouhy@kit.edu AD - Team Lean Construction, BMW AG, Germany, svenja.oprach@bmw.de AD - Professor, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, shervin.haghsheno@kit.edu AB - The methods of Takt Planning and Control are applied in many companies. When conducting trainings with employees, subcontractors and clients the topic of Lean Construction is often imparted. The difficulty often lies in teaching abstract concepts to participants in a way that is clear and that reflects reality. A simulation game supports teaching, by its simplified description of real processes and helps transfer the method into practice. A good example is the Villego™ simulation game for the use of the Last Planner System. At Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) a learning simulation game comprising three rounds was developed. Presenting Takt Planning and Control in a production facility, it includes a scale model of a real project. In addition to tasks for the construction manager and various trades, roles for the client, health and safety manager and quality manager were integrated. This article describes the development, the game instructions and the empirical evaluation of the benefits in using Lean in the simulation game. It has been successfully tested multiple times and implemented for training by a number of companies. It offers the potential to make the method of Takt Planning and Takt Control more accessible and easier to understand. KW - Learning Simulation Game KW - Lean Game KW - Takt Planning KW - Takt Control. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1375/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1375 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - House of Cards – A Simulation of Lean Construction Principles C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 373 EP - 380 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0212 AU - Pollesch, Paul AU - Rovinsky, Alexander AU - Alvarado III, Raul AU - Alves, Thais da C. L. AD - Civil Engineer Corps, United States Navy. Currently enrolled as a graduate student at San Diego State University. paul.pollesch@gmail.com AD - Civil Engineer Corps, United States Navy. Currently enrolled as a graduate student at San Diego State University. arovinsky@sdsu.edu AD - Graduate Student, San Diego State University, raul3rd@gmail.com AD - Associate Professor, J.R. Filanc Construction Engineering and Management Program, Dept. of Civil, Constr., and Env. Engineering, San Diego State University, USA, talves@mail.sdsu.edu AB - The "House of Cards" simulation was developed to stimulate discussion and improve the application of lean production concepts (5S, flow, waste, kaizen, transparency, and collaboration) to construction engineering and management. It is a simple, scalable, hands-on exercise that enables a facilitator to lead teams to intuitively grasp lean concepts and their benefits to construction processes. The simulation requires minimal resources for each team: 3-4 players, a deck of playing cards, a timer, and a playing surface. “House of Cards” presents six phases of gameplay, and progresses from a worst-case scenario to an optimized ideal. The objective is to play the cards as quickly as possible to construct a 13-story building. As in construction, there is a logical sequence of work required. Lower floors must be built before upper floors, structural work must precede mechanical, and mechanical must precede finish work. This simulation was developed with a construction project context, but can easily be adapted to other industries. The analogies can be tailored to meet other industrial processes, and the floors can be changed to different parts of assembly or production lines. KW - Lean construction KW - simulation KW - continuous improvement KW - 5S KW - flow improvement. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1376/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1376 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Features, Roles and Processes of Performance Measurement in Lean Construction C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 243 EP - 250 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0290 AU - Cândido, Luis Felipe AU - Neto, José de Paula Barros AD - Professor, Christus University Center (UNICHRISTU), Brazil, luisfcandido2015@gmail.com AD - Professor, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil, barrosneto@gercon.ufc.br AB - The development of an adequate performance measurement system represents a challenge for all modern companies, including those applying Lean Construction (LC) principles. LC companies adopt a broader scope that focuses not only on traditional financial performance but also on process improvement and value creation. Thus, management should evolve to embrace different performance criteria and related indicators. However, in spite of advances in other industries, in the construction sector, as well as LC, it is slow. Thus, this paper aims to analyse the performance measurement process in lean construction context through a multiple case study. This paper is expected to contribute to efforts undertaken by practitioners and academics because the framework and the gaps identified provide guidelines to what works and to what does not work when implementing performance measurement systems especially in LC projects. KW - Lean construction KW - Performance Measurement KW - Performance Indicators KW - Metrics KW - Strategy PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1377/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1377 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Lean Anti-Corruption Toolkit C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 445 EP - 452 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0154 AU - Stifi, Ahmed AU - Gehbaue, Fritz AU - Gentes, Sascha AD - Research Fellow, Institute for Technology and Management in Construction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany, ahmed.stifi@kit.edu AD - Professor, Institute for Technology and Management in Construction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany, fritz.gehbauer@kit.edu AD - Professor, Institute for Technology and Management in Construction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany, sascha.gentes@kit.edu AB - When the Lean Construction revolution started about 25 years ago, it may have not have considered the issue of corruption. The paper argues that corruption in construction forms a barrier in the implementation of Lean Construction. On the other hand, Lean Construction has the potential to combat corruption. Based on this contradiction, this paper shows how Lean Construction can be protected from corruption using something similar to a human immune system which includes Lean stem cells: transparency, accountability and integrity. Then paper shows how Lean Construction can play a vital role in combating corruption in construction via a Lean Anti-Corruption Toolkit. KW - Lean Construction KW - Corruption KW - Integrity KW - Transparency KW - Accountabilit PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1378/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1378 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Investigating Organizational Capability Vis-à-Vis Human Action to Minimize Post-Contract Transaction Costs in D&B C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 27 EP - 34 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0283 AU - Gomez, Christy P. AU - Rajk, Abdulazeez U. AD - Associate Professor, Department of Construction Management, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, cpgomez21@gmail.com AD - Lecturer, Department of Architecture, Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria, abdulazeezraji@hotmail.com AB - This paper examines the role of human action for benefits realization (BR) with respect to minimizing post-contract transactions costs (PTCs) in D&B construction projects. PTCs are commonly associated with monitoring and control, dispute resolution, and implementation activities during the construction phase of projects. This is also an attempt to reaffirm the innovative potentialities of the D&B procurement approach. Viewing BR as an emergent phenomenon, the relationship between the independent constructs of contractors’ team-competency and teamcommitment with the dependent construct PTC in Malaysian D&B projects are examined by means of hypothesis testing. Questionnaire survey data from a sample of major D&B contractors in Malaysia was analysed using SmartPLS 3 to test the two main hypothesis. The questionnaire survey was designed based on collation of past literature findings and validated using a Delphi study undertaken with D&B experts. Results indicate that contractor team-commitment has an overall positive and significant influence on minimizing PTCs whilst team-competency has a strong positive and significant influence. The findings also confirm that affective commitment of D&B contractors' team to be the most significant factor. These findings establish the extent to which human agency within its interplay with structure can impact on construction project performance in D&B projects. KW - Benefits realization KW - competency KW - post-contract transaction costs (PTCs) KW - design & build projects PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1379/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1379 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Re(de)fining Project Delivery With Life Cycle BIM C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 381 EP - 388 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0307 AU - Rendek, Adam AD - BIM/ Engagement Manager, DPR Construction, San Francisco, CA, USA, adamre@dpr.com AB - This paper explores a shift in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction (AEC), and Capital Facilities Industries in which all stakeholders of the building life cycle unite around forming common goals. We are witnessing changes in these industries due to recent economic, cultural, and technical development, and these changes provide an opportunity to re-think and re-define project delivery more efficiently. We will review influencing stakeholder groups and their relationships or the lack of. The paper will also offer specific examples where BIM (Building Information Modeling) can directly support greater collaboration and promote the complete building information life cycle. The assumptions are based on the experiences of working on large capital projects in California, although the references to literature from the past few years highlight international trends as well. Assumptions and conclusions in this paper are based on action research and interviews with stakeholders of large public organizations during the implementation of building owner side BIM programs. KW - Project delivery KW - collaboration KW - BIM KW - communication KW - complete building information life cycle. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1380/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1380 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Improving On-Site Meeting Efficiency by Using an Automated Model Breakdown Tool C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 397 EP - 404 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0217 AU - Rischmoller, Leonardo AU - Dong, Ning (Tony) AU - Fischer, Martin AU - Khanzode, Atul AD - DPR BIM Manager, DPR Construction LeonardoR@dpr.com AD - DPR R&D Manager TonyD@dpr.com AD - Center for Integrated Facility Engineering, Stanford University, Director Fischer@stanford.edu AD - DPR Technology Group Director AtulK@dpr.com AB - Integrating Building Information Modelling (BIM) to on-site meetings in the construction phase has been a challenge to general contractors mainly due to the inflexibility of the current practice in grouping and organizing models to facilitate rapid, on-the-spot model queries. We have developed an automation tool that supports the automatic grouping of models according to a certain model breakdown structure (MBS), which reflects a breakdown structure of a project. This enables a model navigator to identify the relevant model contents on the fly in a meeting thus drastically reducing the coordination latency in resolving an issue. This paper introduces two case studies to explain a non-intrusive process of introducing federated models produced by the automation tool to the meetings. The results of surveys to the meeting participants prove that the non-intrusive process as well as the models reflecting multiple MBS's changed the meeting participants' behaviour and enhanced their coordination, communication, and collaboration, thus improving the overall outcomes of the meetings. KW - Building Information Model (BIM) KW - Model Breakdown Structure (MBS) KW - Coordination Latency PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1381/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1381 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Integration of Lean Construction and Building Information Modeling in a Large Client Organization in Massachusetts. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 79 EP - 86 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0311 AU - Bolpagni, Marzia AU - Burdi, Luciana AU - Ciribini, Angelo Luigi Camillo AD - PhD Candidate, Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, marzia.bolpagni@polimi.it AD - Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA, lburdi@wpi.edu AD - Full Professor, Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, angelo.ciribini@unibs.it AB - Recently the construction industry has started to study and implement together Lean Construction (Lean) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) to better manage projects. Previous research findings suggest that several changes in the work practice and business processes are needed to fully take advantage of BIM and Lean. Even if the client's role is very important to drive the entire process, the literature lacks of comprehensive examples of client's implementation. The paper shows how a large client organization is integrating Lean and BIM in real projects and how it is possible to measure it thanks to a Maturity Matrix. The research is based on a case study involving both active participation and interviews. The main results indicate that a) internal change is needed in the client organization; b) clients need to drive the process in order to maximise benefits; c) BIM does not fit in the traditional procurement process; and d) existing contracts need to be modified to support BIM and Lean. Research findings are useful for large client organizations that would like to integrate BIM and Lean in their operational strategy as well as for researchers. Further studies could be done to compare the work of different client organizations. KW - Lean Construction KW - Lean KW - Building Information Modeling KW - BIM KW - Large Client Organisation PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1382/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1382 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - A Taxonomy of Client Product Value in Construction Projects C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 491 EP - 498 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0292 AU - Drevland, Frode AU - Klakegg, Ole Jonny AD - Assistant Professor, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, +47 920 64 262, frode.drevland@ntnu.no AD - Professor, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, ole.jonny.klakegg@ntnu.no AB - The goal of construction projects is to deliver value for the customers. In this paper, we look at what is valuable to one of those, the paying client. Classification schemes, such as taxonomies and typologies, are in many fields used to better understand the terrain in which one is operating. We argue that having such as scheme for the client value in construction projects would be beneficial for better understanding what is valuable for the client. In this paper, we present one that has been made using abductive reasoning based on a scoping study of relevant literature. The paper starts out by presenting different kinds of classification schemes and their characteristics. Then, a set of guiding principles for value classification schemes are introduced, followed by a critique of existing classification schemes considering these. Afterwards, a taxonomy of client value is presented with the reasons for the chosen breakdown structure. Finally, the goodness and completeness of the taxonomy is discussed. KW - Lean construction KW - value KW - value taxonomy PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1383/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1383 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Lean Equipment Installation – Potentials of Using Takt Planning C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 721 EP - 728 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0091 AU - Dlouhy, Janosch AU - Grobler, Willem AU - Binninger, Marco AU - Haghshen, Shervin AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, janosch.dlouhy@kit.edu AD - Project Leader Equipment Insallation, BMW AG, willem.grobler@bmw.de AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, marco.binninger@kit.edu AD - Professor, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, shervin.haghsheno@kit.edu AB - One of the major OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacture – Car Manufacture) in the automotive industry has successfully implemented Takt planning in several of their plant construction projects. This has allowed them to do quicker handovers as well as the possibility to do partial handovers. The efficiency and transparency of this process can even be further improved when the installation of production equipment follows the same method, this enables the OEM to reduce the overall time required for the project delivery. This paper shows the advantages of using Takt Planning in the equipment installation phase. A case-study shows the first experience using Takt Planning and the existing connections to the building construction site. This paper is focused on Takt planning and highlights the potentials of lean equipment installation as well as showing the first results of an implemented real case. KW - Takt Planning KW - Production System KW - Equipment installation KW - production KW - client. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1384/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1384 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - An Application of Control Theory to Visual Management for Organizational Communication in Construction C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 185 EP - 191 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0346 AU - Murata, Koichi AU - Tezel, Algan AU - Koskela, Lauri AU - Tzortzopoulos, Patricia AD - Associate Professor, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba, JAPAN, murata.kouichi30@nihon-u.ac.jp AD - Researcher, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, A.Tezel@hud.ac.uk AD - Professor of Construction and Project Management, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, L.Koskela@hud.ac.uk AD - Professor, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, P.Tzortzopoulos@hud.ac.uk AB - Insufficient process transparency is one of the main reasons for process waste, quality deviations and safety non-conformances in construction. Lean Production frequently resorts to a range of visual communication strategies called Visual Management (VM) to increase the level of process transparency and to support continuous improvement at the workplace. Although VM is a fundamental part of the Lean toolbox, theoretical or empirical studies on the role of VM in team activities are scarce. This study explores VM in construction through a block diagram used in control theory. Two VM tools for construction teams from construction companies in the UK and Japan are analysed in detail. The initial findings suggest that VM can and must cover various communication levels in construction organizations in order to break the barriers for information flows and to share valuable and newest knowledge. KW - Lean construction KW - Visual management KW - Communication KW - Control theory PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1385/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1385 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Lean Opportunity Assessment of Contractor's Supply Chain in South Africa C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 789 EP - 796 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0052 AU - Emuze, Fidelis AU - Masoga, Tebatjo AU - Sebetlele, Cornelius AD - Associate Professor and Head, Department of Built Environment, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa Tel: (051) 507 3089 Fax: (051) 507 3254, E-mail: femuze@cut.ac.za AD - B. Tech Graduate, Department of Built Environment, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa Tel: (051) 507 3082 Fax: (051) 507 3254, E-mail: tcmasoga344@gmail.com AD - B. Tech Graduate, Department of Built Environment, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa Tel: (051) 507 3082 Fax: (051) 507 3254, E-mail: sebetlelecl@gmail.com AB - Although lean construction is now widely known and practiced by contractors in the developed world, contractors in developing countries such as South Africa are either unaware of it or just beginning its implementation. However, the application of lean construction practices is reported to occur with a gap between training/teaching and the actual reality of a company. To bridge this gap, a lean opportunity assessment (LOA) is usually used as a start. This paper is about LOA that was conducted among five contractors in the Free State province of South Africa. The aim of the multiple case study research design was to perform the LOA so that areas in which lean practices are in need of enhancement can be established and motivated. The study adopted an LOA protocol from the “lean supply chain and logistics management” book by Paul Myerson and then conduct further interviews to obtain more views on the LOA variables. The variables include internal communication, visualisation and workplace organisation, operative flexibility, continuous improvement, mistake proofing, quick changeover, quality of inbound and outbound materials, supply chain, balanced flow of work, total productive maintenance (TPM), pulling tasks on site, and standardized work. The data suggest that the five contractors have to address weak continuous improvement, physical construction activities, mistake proofing, and performance measurement practices in their companies. KW - Assessment KW - Contractors KW - Construction KW - Lean KW - Supply Chain PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1386/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1386 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Technical Takt Planning and Takt Control in Construction. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 605 EP - 612 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0297 AU - Binninger, Marco AU - Dlouhy, Janosch AU - Haghsheno, Shervin AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, marco.binninger@kit.edu AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, janosch.dlouhy@kit.edu AD - Professor, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, shervin.haghsheno@kit.edu AB - This paper is the counterpart to the paper Collaborative Takt Time Planning of Non-Repetitive Work of Iris Tommelein. Both paper describe Takt approaches in two different geographical and project contexts. A follow up paper is planned and will compare the described approaches and assesses their applicability and success. This Paper describes the German Takt approach, called Technical Takt Planning and Takt Control. The authors used this method in on several projects in construction. It describes the historically development of Takt in construction in German and leads to the current state of the theoretical method used at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The third part of the paper gives a practical example of the KIT approach. The contribution of this paper is that it offers a characterization of the Takt approach that is used in Germany in several construction projects. The researchers try to give with the KIT Method an overview in science for the German Takt Planning and Takt Control approach. The method is for Takt integration in make to order production. KW - Lean Construction KW - Production System KW - Takt Planning and Takt Control PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1387/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1387 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Cross-Functional Project Teams in Construction: A Longitudinal Case Study C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 317 EP - 324 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0063 AU - Laurent, Jean E. AU - Leicht, Robert M. AD - Graduate Student, Department of Architectural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, jzl6016@psu.edu AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Architectural Engineering, Director of Partnership for Achieving Construction Excellence (PACE), The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA, rmleicht@engr.psu.edu AB - For many years traditional project delivery methods have been utilized in the construction industry, but new delivery systems such as IPD are being developed to answer the need for more integrated approaches. Studies have been conducted to assess the impact of project delivery method on project performance, but few focus on the effect of team composition and organization. However, many factors influence the need for evolving cross-functional project teams (CFPTs) as project needs change and there are additions of new participants to the project. This research presents a case study of an IPD project delivered at the Pennsylvania State University for a mixed-use laboratory, office and classroom building. The objective is to demonstrate the composition and evolution of the CFPTs organization, from the beginning of the design through early construction. This study shows that three main causes impacted the organization of CFPTs. First, the on-boarding of new project participants necessitated new CFPT organization to better fit members into specific groups. Second, certain CFPTs were created in order to achieve a specific task, leading to the dissolution of the team once the task is achieved. Third, CFPTs can show low performance related to their original goals requiring the project team to adjust the CFPT organization. The IPD structure showed unique organizational flexibility as CFPTs, leaders and members were replaced or exchanged to better fit the project needs when new members are added to the team, or if a member was not effective in meeting changing project needs. KW - Cross-Functional Project Teams KW - Lean KW - IPD KW - Integrated Projects PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1388/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1388 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - The Implementation of Building Information Modelling and Lean Construction in Design Firms in Massachusetts C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 235 EP - 242 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0310 AU - Bolpagni, Marzia AU - Burdi, Luciana AU - Ciribini, Angelo Luigi Camillo AD - PhD Candidate, Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, marzia.bolpagni@polimi.it AD - Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA, lburdi@wpi.edu AD - Full Professor, Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, angelo.ciribini@unibs.it AB - It is not easy to evaluate Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Lean Construction (Lean) capabilities of design firms. The paper investigates the level of BIM and Lean implementation at representative design firms in Massachusetts. A survey was given to the principal design firms working for a large public client. First, answers were analysed and discussed. Second, results from the same design firm were compared to detect possible inconsistencies. Main results show that there is still not a clear definition of BIM and Lean; BIM training is not done consistently within design firms; and there is not a common understanding of BIM and Lean within each design firm, even though most designers affirmed that they have internal standards. Results of the survey could be useful for designers to develop internal standards and establish training courses for the design firm and clients to better understand designers’ approach to BIM and Lean. KW - Building Information Modelling KW - Lean Construction KW - Design Firm PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1389/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1389 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Testing the Value of Best Value: Evidence From Educational Facilities Projects C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 19 EP - 26 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0090 AU - Eke, Gerald AU - Elgy, John AD - School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Aston University, Aston Express Way, Birmingham B4 7ET. Email: ekegue@aston.ac.uk AD - Senior Lecturer of School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Aston University, Aston Express Way, Birmingham B4 7ET. Email: j.elgy@aston.ac.uk AB - Contractor selection is one of the most important step in ensuring the success of any construction project. Failing to adequately select the winning contractor may lead to problems in the project delivery phase such as bad quality and delay in the expected project duration; which ultimately results in cost overruns. This paper presents an approach by which a what-if scenario can be analysed in educational facilities projects in the UK; therefore if the client selected the best value contractor for a project whose submitted price is not the lowest price, a what-if scenario was conducted to show how the lowest priced contractor would have fared had he/she been awarded the contract instead. This was done by analysing historic data of projects that have selected the lowest priced contractor. Then correlations were derived between variables; which was then be inputted into a Monte Carlo Simulation to analyse 3 real educational facilities projects that used a best value selection method. Using Monte Carlo Simulation allowed us to see all the possible outcomes of cost, and duration. It was concluded that selecting the best value contractor in educational facilities projects may not be necessary in terms of cost. KW - Educational facilities projects KW - Contractor selection KW - Best value contractor KW - lowest priced contractor KW - Monte Carlo simulation. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1390/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1390 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - BIM and Agent-Based Model Integration for Construction Management Optimization C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 111 EP - 118 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0267 AU - Rossini, Francesco Livio AU - Novembri, Gabriele AU - Fioravanti, Antonio AD - PhD Candidate, in Engineering-based Architecture and Urban Planning - Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, ITA, francesco.rossini@uniroma1.it AD - Aggregate Professor, Dept. of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, ITA, gabriele.novembri@uniroma1.it AD - Aggregate Professor, Dept. of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, ITA, antonio.fioravanti@uniroma1.it AB - The current necessity of manage complexity in the field of building process management push to provide process' figures of construction methodologies and tools capable to support them in a proficient way. With the scope to define in advance the places occupied by workers to accomplish a task, is defined a methodology and related tools to integrate Building Information Modeling (BIM) with an Agent-Based simulation of workers activities. The goal is to know at early project phases where it is possible to work in a more effective and safer way, how it is possible to be more efficient placing in the same working space different working phases and when it is possible to allow the continuity of building operations. The outcome of the system is predicting how much resources are involved in a project, identifying and minimizing wasted time. KW - BIM KW - Project and Construction Management KW - Lean construction KW - Agent- Based Simulation PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1391/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1391 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - How BIM-Lean Integration Enhances the Information Management Process in the Construction Design C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 531 EP - 538 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0130 AU - Mollasalehi, Sajedeh AU - Rathnayake, Anushka AU - Aboumoemen, Ahmed Adel AU - Underwood, Jason AU - Fleming, Andrew AU - Kulatunga, Udayangani AU - Coates, Paul AD - PhD Candidate, School of the Built Environment, University of Salford, UK, s.mollasalehi1@edu.salford.ac.uk AD - PhD Candidate, School of the Built Environment, University of Salford, UK, prasadini88salford@gmail.com AD - PhD Candidate, School of the Built Environment, University of Salford, UK, a.a.aboumoemen@edu.salford.ac.uk AD - Professor, School of the Built Environment, University of Salford, UK, j.underwood@salford.ac.uk AD - Senior Lecturer, School of the Built Environment, University of Salford, UK, a.j.fleming@salford.ac.uk AD - Senior Lecturer, School of the Built Environment, University of Salford, UK, u.kulatunga@salford.ac.uk AD - Fellow Higher Education Academy, School of the Built Environment, University of Salford, UK, s.p.coates@salford.ac.uk 539 AB - The construction industry faces significant challenges due to insufficient processes. Design phase is a key process of construction project lifecycle in which many problems and challenges occur. Most of the issues within the design process are mainly due to poor information management process. Therefore, it is important to adopt new innovative technologies and processes to improve information management. Over the last decade, the number of projects implementing innovative and technological processes such as BIM and Lean has been increased. However, rather applying BIM and Lean independently, integration of BIM features with lean principles would bring more benefits to the design process in terms of improving information management. This paper studies the potential benefits of integrating BIM and Lean to improve information management in terms of reducing construction design problems associated with information management challenges. KW - Lean construction KW - Building Information Modelling (BIM) KW - Information management (IM) PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1393/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1393 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Standardized Work: Practical Examples in a Brazilian Construction Company C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 713 EP - 720 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0128 AU - Saggin, Angela de Bortoli AU - Mota, Taynah Ramos AU - Brito, Felipe Loiola AU - Mourão, Carlos Alexandre M. Amaral AD - Civil Engineer, Lean & Green Coordinator of C. Rolim Engenharia Ltda., Brazil, angela@crolim.com.br AD - Undergraduate Student of Civil Engineering, Intern of C. Rolim Engenharia Ltda., Brazil, taynah@crolim.com.br AD - Civil Engineer, Technical Manager of C. Rolim Engenharia Ltda., Brazil, felipe@crolim.com.br AD - Civil Engineer, Technical Director of C. Rolim Engenharia Ltda., Brazil, alexandre@crolim.com.br AB - KW - Lean construction KW - standardization KW - production KW - job-sequencing KW - continuous improvement PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1394/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1394 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Just in Time in Construction: Description and Implementation Insights C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 763 EP - 770 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0064 AU - Bamana, Flora AU - Lehoux, Nadia AU - Cloutier, Caroline AD - Master Student in Industrial Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, CA, flora.bamana.1@ulaval.ca AD - Associate Professor, Dept. of Mech. Eng., Laval University, CA, Nadia.Lehoux@gmc.ulaval.ca AD - Lecturer, Dept. of Mech. Eng., Laval University, CA, Caroline.Cloutier@gmc.ulaval.ca AB - The construction industry has long been plagued with productivity and waste management issues on construction sites, unmet deadlines, and client dissatisfaction over the quality of the construction delivered. Having greatly aided the manufacturing industry, this paper investigates how the JIT philosophy could help with these difficulties. The paper illustrates four scenarios of JIT implementation in construction according to the level of coordination required, on-site management, and information sharing. The methodology which consists of a systematic literature review on JIT in construction confirms the need to adapt this philosophy for an adequate deployment in this industry. It also confirms the close ties between JIT, lean construction, and prefabrication for successful construction project management. KW - Just in time in construction KW - lean construction KW - prefabrication KW - systematic literature review PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1395/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1395 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Counterfeit, Fraudulent and Sub-Standard Materials: The Case of Steel in Norway C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 805 EP - 812 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0124 AU - Kjesbu, Nina Eklo AU - Engebø, Atle AU - Lædre, Ola AU - Lohne, Jardar AD - MSc Student, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NTNU- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. nkjesbu@gmail.com +4799582750 AD - Research Assistant, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. atle.engebo@ntnu.no AD - Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. ola.ladre@ntnu.no AD - Research Scientist, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. jardar.lohne@ntnu.no AB - The international construction industry is subject to several types of crime. Among the least researched is the exposure to counterfeited, fraudulent and substandard (CFS) materials. The study presented in this paper examines the presence of these materials in the Norwegian construction industry and the characteristics of the construction industry that that render it vulnerable. A survey was sent out to different stakeholders within the industry, collecting experiences and knowledge about these types of materials. More than half of the respondents (9 of 17) stated that they pose a threat to the industry to a high or very high degree. To investigate the presence of these steel products, 3 semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with key actors. The data shows the occurrence of these materials in the industry. The interviewees all believed that CFS steel products exist in the Norwegian construction industry, and examples were given of the occurrence of it. The interviewees believed that the industry is vulnerable to this threat because it is easily accessible for temporary and dishonest actors, and it has a high degree of trust combined with a certain lack of controls. Further work can result in recommendations for possible countermeasures. KW - materials KW - steel KW - construction industry safety KW - quality assurance KW - supply chain management PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1396/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1396 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - A Balanced Dashboard for Production Planning and Control. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 621 EP - 628 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0245 AU - Bølviken, Trond AU - Aslesen, Sigmund AU - Kalsaas, Bo Terje AU - Koskela, Lauri AD - Director of Strategy, HR and HSE, Veidekke Entreprenør AS, P.O. Box 506 Skøyen, N-0214 Oslo, Norway; also Professor II, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, University of Agder, N-4846 Grimstad, Norway; email: trond.bolviken@veidekke.no AD - Head of Research and Improvement, Veidekke Entreprenør AS, P.O. Box 506 Skøyen, N-0214 Oslo, Norway; email: sigmund.aslesen@veidekke.no AD - Professor, Dr. Ing, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, University of Agder, N-4846 Grimstad, Norway; e-mail: bo.t.kalsaas@uia.no AD - Professor of Construction and Project Management, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, United Kingdom; email: l.koskela@hud.ac.uk AB - The paper proposes a concept for a dashboard to be used as part of Last Planner based production planning and control. The dashboard is constructed to be used, not primarily by management, but by the last planners. For this reason the dashboard has to be simple (it should focus on some few but important metrics), and it has to be balanced (it should give a holistic view of the status of the process and where it is heading). It is proposed that the dashboard should consist of three sections: planning, production flow and outcome. Each of these three sections should comprise one or a few metrics, put together so as to and provide a consolidated overview of both status and direction. We present a specific dashboard consisting of six metrics in all. This dashboard will be tested in a forthcoming case study. KW - Dashboard KW - Scorecard KW - Metrics KW - Measurement KW - Last Planner. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1397/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1397 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Lean Metric System: Proposal for a Performance Measurement System for Construction Projects. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 629 EP - 636 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0306 AU - Carneiro, Juliana Quinderé AU - Carneiro, André Quinderé AU - Machado, Vitor Arruda AU - Cândido, Luis Felipe AU - Neto, José de Paula Barros AD - Civil Engineer at Aval Engineering, Brazil, juliana@avalengenharia.eng.br AD - CEO, Aval Engineering, Brazil, andre@avalengenharia.eng.br AD - CEO, Aval Engineering, Brazil, vitor@avalengenharia.eng.br AD - Professor, Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Brazil, luiscandido2015@gmail.com AD - Professor, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil, jpbarros@ufc.br AB - The application of Information Technology (IT) for the constructions management is mentioned as an important success factor. Improved IT management tools can help reduce important issues such as information gathering, misrepresentation, and lack of process standardization. These issues are related to the information flow and transparency, one of the principles of Lean Construction (LC), which will be explored in this research. This paper aims to present the development of a Performance Measurement System (PMS) with IT application, named Lean Metric (LM). Developed for the application of construction projects, LM uses concepts of hierarchical planning to monitor the constructions term and cost, based on information collected at the construction site. The LM was developed and tested in the last three years by a consulting company of planning and control of constructions in Fortaleza city. Its creation was crucial to increase the company's competitiveness, reducing operational costs and increasing confidence in the collected data. In addition, indicators are automatically calculated in real time, resulting in transparency in project results. KW - Project Control KW - Lean Construction KW - Project Management PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1398/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1398 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Bottom-up Strategy for Lean Construction on Site Implementation C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 325 EP - 331 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0304 AU - Zanotti, Nero Lenotti AU - Maranhão, Flávio Leal AU - Aly, Vitor Levy Castex AD - Civil Engineer and M.Sc. Candidate, Escola Politecnica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, nerozanotti@outlook.com AD - Professor, Escola Politécnica, Department of Construction Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo; Professor, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil, flavio.maranhao@poli.usp.br AD - Professor, Escola Politécnica, Department of Construction Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo;, São Paulo, Brazil, vitor.aly@usp.br AB - This paper shows a Lean Construction method being implemented with a bottom-up strategy, using spontaneous improvement as a tool for the implementation. To introduce the changes, all workers were trained on how to manage and identify the 8 types of waste, and presented to a simplified A3 thinking approach as a problem-solving technique. The implementation occurred on a large infrastructure project with a total extension of 83 km, using the construction of a water pipeline as an example, studying it for six months. To measure the results, the labor productivity rate and the average production-per-day rate were introduced as performance indicators, to analyse whether the implementation was successful or not. By the end of the study, it was possible to observe a correlation between the number of improvements made, the labor productivity rate, and the average production-per-day rate, which implied a successful implementation of the lean philosophy. KW - Lean construction KW - site implementation KW - kaizen KW - spontaneous improvement PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1399/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1399 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Implementation of Lean Construction in Client Organizations – an Analysis of the Status Quo in Germany C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 275 EP - 282 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0089 AU - Dlouhy, Janosch AU - Binninger, Marco AU - Weichner, Lisa AU - Haghsheno, Shervin AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany, +49-721-608-42168, janosch.dlouhy@kit.edu AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany, +49-721-608-44124, marco.binninger@kit.edu AD - M.Sc. Student, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany, +49-721-608-43650, lisaweichner@gmail.com AD - Professor, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany, +49-721-608-42646, shervin.haghsheno@kit.edu AB - Lean Construction is a management approach that is not only relevant for construction companies but also for their clients. The goal of this paper is to present the current status of strategies for implementation of Lean Construction within client-side organizations in Germany. A significant foundation principle in Lean Construction is the definition of value from the perspective of the client. Value is predominantly defined through the design and functional quality of a building as well as keeping to the defined time and cost objectives. In construction, the developer as a client has several tasks to fulfil which have a significant impact on the success of a project. Some developers seek to actively contribute to defining and managing meeting of their own client wishes. This requires using the approach and tools of Lean Construction, and these efforts have resulted in implementation strategies. Analysis of the status of implementation within client-side organizations was completed through interviews with eight companies in Germany. This paper will explain the method of data collection, the structure of the organizations surveyed. The implementation strategies will be described for each organization and classified according to the applicable framework conditions. The results determined that the companies use various approaches which are at different stages of implementation. This paper thereby provides a preliminary empirical overview of the situation regarding implementation of Lean Construction by development companies in Germany, and can be used by other developers as a basis for their first steps in implementing Lean Construction. KW - Lean construction KW - computing KW - mixed reality KW - template KW - instructions. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1400/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1400 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Design-Value in the Platform Approach C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 349 EP - 356 PY - 2017 DO - https://10.24928/2017/0033 AU - Maxwell, Duncan W. AU - Aitchison, Mathew AD - PhD Candidate, Innovation in Applied Design Lab, Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, duncan.maxwell@sydney.edu.au AD - Associate Professor, Innovation in Applied Design Lab, Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, m.aitchison@sydney.edu.au AB - Lean production has responded to low-level customisation, but for residential construction, earlier customer input is required. The development of the ‘platform approach’ to industrialised house building has enabled high-level masscustomisation. Focus has been applied to ‘hard’ improvements regarding production efficiency, with less emphasis on ‘soft’ values associated with the intangible nature of design. Platform-thinking has demonstrated that new possibilities are emerging which may enable producers of industrialised housing to effectively deliver designvalue to end-users. This paper contributes to the developing platform approach, by investigating design-value for industrialised house building from an architectural perspective. Through an understanding of the product platform approach developed within the Swedish context, selected case-studies from outside construction demonstrate the possibilities that the platform-thinking concept holds, to address the research question; how can design-value be achieved in industrialised house building? Much design-value originates from interaction between designer and user, which has been overlooked in the development of the platform approach, yet by considering its conceptual basis of platform-thinking, new possibilities emerge for the delivery of design-value in product and process. The findings will enhance the development of platforms for industrialised house building. KW - Lean design KW - platforms KW - platform-thinking KW - design-value KW - architecture PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1401/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1401 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Comparing Choosing by Advantages and Weighting, Rating and Calculating Results in Large Design Spaces C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 259 EP - 266 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0248 AU - Correa, María Gabriela AU - Arroyo, Paz AU - Mourgues, Claudio AU - Flager, Forest AD - Master Student, Construction Engineering and Management Dept., School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, +569 56189350, mgcorrea1@uc.cl AD - Assistant Professor, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, +56 22354-4244, parroyo@ing.puc.cl AD - Assistant Professor, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, +56 22354-4244, cmourgue@ing.puc.cl AD - Research Associate and Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Califoria, United States, +1.415.728.7197, forest@standford.edu AB - Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) projects are complex systems that are evaluated based on many factors. Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods are used to support AEC project teams in this process. Traditionally, these decisions are made using the Weighting, Rating and Calculating (WRC) method. Recent literature shows benefits of the Choosing By Advantages (CBA) method compared to WRC. However, these studies have been made in the context of comparing and ranking a small number of design alternatives (2-10). This research presents a case study in which CBA and WRC are applied to a large design space. The results show that CBA allowed for a more complete comparison of design alternatives. In addition, CBA enabled decision makers to explicitly evaluate performance versus cost, which led to more transparent and Pareto optimal decisions considering all alternatives in the design space. KW - Choosing By Advantages KW - CBA KW - WRC KW - Large Design Spaces KW - Multi-Disciplinary Optimization. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1402/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1402 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Mobilizing Bim in a Collaborative Project Environment C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 251 EP - 258 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0008 AU - Collinge, Bill AU - Connaughton, John AD - Researcher, Construction Management & Engineering, Whiteknights, University of Reading, Reading, UK, will.collinge@reading.ac.uk AD - Professor of Sustainable Systems in the Built Environment, Construction Management & Engineering, Whiteknights, University of Reading, Reading, UK, j.connaughton@reading.ac.uk AB - This paper reports on the application of BIM methods an innovative project in the UK that is pioneering a new form of project insurance (Integrated Project Insurance) that joins project partners together as a virtual company. The paper examines the processes put in place to optimize BIM usage whilst reviewing the problems and issues encountered; the observations of a researcher being combined with the reflections of the BIM Information Manager. It is noted that mobilizing a comprehensive BIM-centric system is a complex and difficult undertaking, with new roles and responsibilities needing to be created, that put extra pressures on project partners. The positive results of using BIM in a collaborative environment are noted as the findings suggest inclusive contractual arrangements facilitate enhanced BIM use. The insights inform understanding of mobilizing BIM in a collaborative project environment as it is argued that only a fully collaborative project environment can realise the full benefits of BIM. KW - BIM KW - collaboration KW - Integrated Project Insurance KW - organization PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1403/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1403 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Barriers and Challenges to Implement Integrated Project Delivery in China C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 341 EP - 348 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0119 AU - Li, Shan AU - Ma, Qiuwen AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, sli222@cityu.edu.hk. AD - Ph.D. student, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, qiuwenma2-c@my.cityu.edu.hk. AB - Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) improves construction project performance. In China, though IPD is known due to its theoretical advantages and benefits, effective implementation of IPD in construction projects is rare. This may be caused by some existing barriers and problems. The purpose of this study was to explore the barriers to adopt IPD in Chinese construction. Critical factors of IPD implementation were reviewed, and face-to-face interviews with experts were carried out to collect industry views. Nanjing, China was selected as the location to carry out the research. The results revealed that the confidence of using IPD is not strong. In particular, adversarial relationships, legal issues, and lack of owner willingness may block the implementation of IPD in China. It is suggested to adopt positive mechanisms to push for the early involvement of diverse participants. In terms of the contract mechanisms, future studies should involve a standard framework, gradual project procurement process, collaboration-oriented risk and rewards system, and necessary techniques to improve integrative operations. KW - Integrated project delivery KW - barriers KW - Nanjing-China. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1404/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1404 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Geographical Distribution of Interest and Publications on Lean Construction C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 285 EP - 292 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0121 AU - Engebø, Atle AU - Drevland, Frode AU - Lohne, Jardar AU - Shkmot, Nawras AU - Lædre, Ola AD - Scientific assistant, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, +47 905 71 902, atle.engebo@ntnu.no AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, +47 920 64 262, frode.drevland@ntnu.no AD - Research scientist, dr. art., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, +47 934 44 930, Jardar.lohne@ntnu.no AD - Co-Founder & CFO, Paramount Decisions, San Francisco, USA, +47 41409992, nawras@paramountdecisions.com AD - Associate Professor, dr. ing., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, +47 911 89 938, ola.ladre@ntnu.no AB - It is a common view that certain countries show more interest in Lean Construction Principles than others. Some researchers within the Lean Construction community publish more and are more cited than others. The paper address the following research questions: 1) Where do those who show interest in Lean Construction come from? And 2) Is there any connection between geographical distribution of academic publications and where those who show interest in Lean Construction come from? The research is based on empirical data collected from analysis of data traffic from the IGLC web page and the Lean Construction Blog. It also consists of a registration of what countries the authors at IGLC’s annual conference and in the Lean Construction Journal come from. The analysis of the data collected validates that specific countries show more interest in lean construction than other. When publications and web-traffic were corrected for number of inhabitant's country-bycountry, the findings shows that there was a strong positive connection between the two parameters. This study could serve as a good basis for further studies on why some countries are more open to new ideas regarding construction and construction management. KW - People KW - Culture and Change; lean expansion; mapping; web traffic PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1405/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1405 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Implementation of Lean Practices Among Finishing Contractors in the US C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 421 EP - 428 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0182 AU - Smith, James P. AU - Ngo, Khoi AD - Assistant Professor, School of Technology, Department of Construction and Facilities Management, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA, james_smith@byu.edu AD - Masters Degree Student, Department of Construction Science and Management, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA, ngominhkhoi@gmail.com AB - Lean principles have been successfully implemented by contractors over recent years. Various studies have shown improved efficiency in terms of cost and time as well as other criteria (McGraw Hill 2013). In a relatively comprehensive report, McGraw Hill (2013) stated that 84% of lean practitioners reported that adopting lean led to higher quality projects, 74% reported reduced project schedule, and 80% reported greater customer satisfaction. In the niche of building finishing, contractors are often smaller and may have limited knowledge and training with lean practices. According to the North American Industry Classification System Association (NAICS) code #2383, "Building Finishing" contractors includes the following specific trades: drywall, insulation, painting and wall covering, flooring, and finish carpentry. The portion of a construction job that is related to building finishing, especially in the commercial and residential industry, can be relatively time consuming and costly. In the average single family house, the interior finishes cost nearly 30% of the total construction (Taylor 2014). In the average apartment complex, building finishes average around 12% of the total project cost (RSMeans 2015). The application of lean principles in various areas of the construction process has been well-documented in the literature. However, research regarding the implementation of lean practices among building finishing contractors is lacking. The purpose of this research project was to analyze the current level of lean implementation among building KW - Lean construction KW - finishing contractors KW - subcontractors KW - lean implementation PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1406/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1406 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - An Exploration of Compatibility of U.S. Army Culture and Lean Construction C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 405 EP - 412 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0199 AU - Salazar, Ralph T. AU - Rybkowski, Zofia K. AU - Ballard, Glenn AD - Graduate Student, Department of Construction Science, College of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3137 USA, ralph.salazar@tamu.edu (corresponding author) AD - Associate Professor, Department of Construction Science, College of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA, 77843-3137, Ph :+1-979-845-4354, zrybkowski@tamu.edu AD - Associate Professor, Department of Construction Science, College of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA, 77843-3137, Ph :+1-979-845-4354, zrybkowski@tamu.edu AB - The culture of the United States Army has evolved significantly over the course of the service of the present generation of Soldiers. Through the implementation of Lean Management practices, and Six Sigma measurement and analysis tools, Army leaders are more able to competently perform a mission or accomplish a business goal. Through careful case study of previous missions, effort spent building learning organizations, and cultivating a culture of respect, leaders have discovered a formula to optimize unit performance. The keys to unlocking the benefits of Lean’s historically proven efficiency methods lie in changing the attitude and mindset of the Army’s workforce to effectively apply lean methods to the myriad projects and tasks that the citizens of the United States ask its Soldiers to perform every day. Cultural transformation must occur, however, in an unforgiving environment that poses significant threats to our national security, leaving very little margin for error in applying the new managerial methodology to both state-side and war-side operations. Using as its framework Jeffrey Liker’s Principles of Management described in The Toyota Way, this paper will explore the ways in which the U.S. Army is already equipped to implement lean, and those areas where more cultural evolution must take place to take full advantage of the philosophy. Viewing the Army culture as a whole, and then discussing more specifically Health Facility Development and Military Hospital Construction, the authors’ contention is that the U.S. Army and Lean Construction are more compatible than may appear at first glance. KW - Lean Construction KW - Military Culture KW - Military Decision Making PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1407/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1407 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Socio-Constructivist Account of Collaboration in Concept Design C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 301 EP - 308 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0300 AU - Gomes, Danilo AU - Tzortzopoulos, Patrícia AU - Kagioglou, Mike AD - PhD candidate in Architecture, University of Huddersfield, UK danilo.gomes@hud.ac.uk AD - Professor, Head of Department for Architecture and 3D Design, University of Huddersfield, UK, p.tzortzopoulos@hud.ac.uk AD - Professor, Dean of the School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, UK, m.kagioglou@hud.ac.uk AB - In a collective design situation, participants usually have limited understanding of how other designers operate in the project and how their work has interdependencies with other design tasks. Most commonly, misunderstandings between team members will emerge around vague design representations and undocumented decisions, creating negative iterations in design. Collaboration at concept design includes actions to build shared understanding of product and process concepts amongst the design team. In this paper, it is suggested that the wicked nature of concept design requires collaboration to be conceptualised in terms of collective creative actions within team interactions. Through a synthesis of the literature, a model to study collaboration in concept design is suggested. The model proposes that collaboration is determined by the group’s ability to perform collective-reflective actions. Further development on the proposed model will provide ways of measuring and improving collaboration within multidisciplinary design teams. KW - Collaboration KW - Multidisciplinary Team KW - Concept Design KW - Shared Understanding KW - Socio-constructive interactions PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1408/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1408 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Shared Understanding: The Machine Code of the Social in a Socio-Technical System C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 365 EP - 372 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0342 AU - Pasquire, Christine AU - Ebbs, Paul AD - Professor of Lean Project Management; Centre for Lean Projects, School of Architecture, Design and Built Environment, Nottingham Trent University, UK. christine.pasquire@ntu.ac.uk AD - Research Fellow; Centre for Lean Projects, School of Architecture, Design and Built Environment, Nottingham Trent University, UK paul.ebbs@ntu.ac.uk AB - The emergence of the explicit need for shared understanding as an underpinning flow in lean construction has generated some debate and exposed a need to provide a better explanation. Following an investigation comprising of a total of 27 interviews and several workshops, the data identifies and connects the relationship between inappropriate understanding and constraints to flow - represented through a conceptual model. The research further identified that introducing lean construction concepts associated with the Last Planner® System caused the participants to realise the importance of a shared understanding when previously they had not raised it as a source of constraint or problem. The research concludes that a shared understanding is critical to the social aspects of a sociotechnical system and needs to be precise and project specific to achieve the desired outcomes. In this way, a shared understanding can be considered to be the equivalent of a machine code in an operating system - if the understanding breaks down then so does the project delivery system. KW - 8th flow; common understanding; shared understanding; lean construction PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1409/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1409 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Knowledge Management and Information Flow Through Social Networks Analysis in Chilean Architecture Firms C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 413 EP - 420 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0244 AU - Segarra, Lluís AU - Herrera, Rodrigo F. AU - Alarcón, Luis F. AU - Pellicer, Eugenio AD - Master student, Department of Civil Engineering, Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia, Valencia, España, segarra.lluis@gmail.com AD - PhD student, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Professor of School of Civil Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile, Researcher - GEPUC, Santiago, Chile, rodrigo.herrera@pucv.cl AD - Professor, Ph.D., Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, lalarcon@ing.puc.cl AD - Professor, Ph.D., Department of Civil Engineering, Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia, Valencia, España, pellicer@upv.es AB - In the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) sector, information flow and knowledge management influence how companies organize, work and produce, which can be represented in a social network analysis (SNA). Information flows are a critical activity for the work done in architecture firms. The objective of this study is to analyse the social structure of architecture firms to determine how to address information flow and knowledge management. The study is part of benchmarking research related to SNA, management practices and Key Performance Indicators (KPI) in architectural offices. After an extensive literature review, a survey was implemented to develop the SNA. Findings show network type shown by the office depends on its organizational infrastructure. There are also behavioural patterns; it is possible to observe that as the firm’s size increases, the density of the work-related connections in the network decreases and the average length of the path between the nodes within the network increases. Therefore, we can conclude that when offices have more human resources, as well as a pyramid structure and defined hierarchy, information flow is concentrated in small groups. KW - Social network analysis KW - architecture firms KW - survey KW - organizational structure KW - knowledge management and information flow PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1410/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1410 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Design Management in a Design Office: Development of the Model for 'To-Be' C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 555 EP - 562 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0317 AU - Pikas, Ergo AU - Koskela, Lauri AU - Seppänen, Olli AD - Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering, ergo.pikas@aalto.fi and Tallinn University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ergo.pikas@ttu.ee AD - University of Huddersfield, School of Art, Design and Architecture AD - Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering AB - As the third paper on design management in a series of three, design science research activity was carried out. Based on the problems identified within the first paper and the knowledge base established in the second paper, theoretical and practical design process and management models were developed. Within the language of two-step abductive reasoning, the theoretical model served as a solution concept for developing a practical solution. This research reports the first cycle of design science research. The result is the description of "to-be" to facilitate the change management within the case study organization. KW - Root causes KW - design model KW - design management PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1411/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1411 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Design Management in a Design Office: Development of the Knowledge Base C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 539 EP - 546 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0316 AU - Pikas, Ergo AU - Koskela, Lauri AU - Liias, Roode AD - Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering, ergo.pikas@aalto.fi and Tallinn University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ergo.pikas@ttu.ee AD - University of Huddersfield, School of Art, Design and Architecture AD - Tallinn University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering AB - In this second paper in a series of three, the aim is to develop a theoretical knowledge base for design science research (DSR) activity within the next paper. This is primarily a literature review based paper, inspired by the problems summarized in the first paper. The paper starts with a description and justification of the prototheory of design and design rhetoric. It has been argued that the design science has been concerned with the artefact rather as a technical than a social phenomenon. It is opportune to propose that the proto-theory of design and design rhetoric represent different, yet related dimensions of a productive act (techne). These concepts provide the necessary prescription for the root cause analysis of the problems addressed within the first paper and practical design and design management conceptualization within the third paper. KW - Design KW - proto-theory of design KW - rhetoric KW - design rhetoric PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1412/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1412 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Design Management in a Design Office: Solving the Problem of Relevance C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 547 EP - 554 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0315 AU - Pikas, Ergo AU - Koskela, Lauri AU - Seppänen, Olli AD - Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering, ergo.pikas@aalto.fi and Tallinn University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, ergo.pikas@ttu.ee AD - University of Huddersfield, School of Art, Design and Architecture AD - Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering AB - In this study we contend that the conceptual foundations of conventional construction design and design management are obsolete, and these need to be substituted by a more comprehensive theoretical basis. As the first paper in the series of three, the main objective of this study is to justify the research by determining the significant problems and challenges related to the design management in a case study organization. Design science research methodology is chosen to develop a scientifically grounded solution with practical relevance. Based on surveys, interviews, database analysis and observations, we conclude that there are significant problems with the design management practice. The major issue with design management is related to the poor and simplistic conceptualization of the design task. The problems summarized in this study facilitate the quest for the proper theoretical understanding and developing a knowledge base for designing a new process model. KW - Design KW - design management KW - design science research KW - design management problems PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1413/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1413 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - The Effect of Pre-Engineering on Design Management Methods C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 523 EP - 530 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0107 AU - Lidelöw, Helena AU - Jansson, Gustav AD - Associate Professor, Division of Industrialized and Sustainable Construction, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resource Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden, helena.lidelow@ltu.se AD - Assistant Lecturer, Division of Industrialized and Sustainable Construction, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resource Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden, gustav.jansson@ltu.se AB - Several methods exist for design management such as Agile project management, the Last Planner System ®, and configuration in diverse variants. Construction can be realized using different degrees of pre-engineering i.e. different production strategies, which can affect the design management method. The research aim is to describe different design management methods and discuss their capacity to function in existing production strategies in construction. Data was collected as secondary data from earlier publications on Agile project management, the Last Planner ® system, configuration, and visual planning. Agile project management has a strong focus on customer value and lends itself well to situations with little pre-engineering. The Last Planner System ® in design has a strong focus on the co-creation of flow and coordination of actions. In industrialised housing a dialect of Last Planner System ® named KI-VP is implemented drawing upon predefinition of design tasks through standardized work. Configuration is the ultimate predefined design stage, where everything can be automated based on product variants. KW - Agile KW - Last Planner System ® KW - Production strategies KW - Visual planning PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1414/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1414 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Virtual Design and Construction: Aligning BIM and Lean in Practice C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 499 EP - 506 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0159 AU - Fosse, Roar AU - Ballard, Glenn AU - Fischer, Martin AD - Regional Manager, Lean Construction, Skanska, Oslo, Norway, +4793444588, roar.fosse@skanska.no AD - Research Director of the Project Production Systems Lab., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1712, USA, +1 415 710-5531, ballard@ce.berkeley.edu AD - Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA 94305, USA, fischer@stanford.edu AB - The construction industry has experienced many inspiring improvements. Especially two movements have introduced innovative design and construction practices: The advancement of lean thinking and tools and maturity in applying BIM and related concepts and technologies. Although Lean and BIM often thrive in the same culture, have many similar properties and strong potential synergies, they are often considered separate initiatives and unfortunately provide only partial benefits when applied on their own. Based on empirical findings of a general contractor, this paper shows how collaborative lean methods and BIM-related technologies can be implemented in an integrated way in practice. KW - VDC KW - BIM KW - Last Planner KW - ICE KW - Big Room KW - metrics PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1415/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1415 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Design Management: Metrics and Visual Tools C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 465 EP - 473 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0234 AU - Abou-Ibrahim, Hisham AU - Hamzeh, Farook AD - PhD. Student, Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon, +961 3 900695, haa131@mail.aub.edu. AD - Assistant Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon, + 961 1 350000 ext 3616, fax: + 61 1 744462, Farook.Hamzeh@aub.edu.lb. AB - The iterative and multidisciplinary nature of design complicates its management. Nonetheless, the lack of adequate tools that can be used to manage design dynamics negatively affects the design process as well as the quality of the final design deliverables. In this regard, this paper introduces new metrics to measure information flow in BIM projects, and elaborates on the Level of Development (LOD) concept to reflect the design maturity of model elements in the corresponding design context. Moreover, a metric is developed to reflect the design maturity of the entire BIM model or part of it. The study also employs visual tools to plan and control design tasks based on the developed metrics. Results highlight that quantifying and visualizing the design progress helps design managers better assess the design status, streamline information flow among parties, and control the generation of corresponding design information. KW - Lean design KW - Visual Planning KW - BIM KW - LOD. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1416/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1416 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Waiting Times in Design Process: A Case Study C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 483 EP - 489 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0294 AU - Filho, João Bosco P. Dantas AU - Lima, Mariana M. Xavier de AU - Heineck, Luiz Fernando M. AU - Tzortzopoulos, Patricia AU - Neto, José de Paula Barros AD - Architect, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Researcher of the GERCON, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil, arquibosco@gmail.com AD - Adjunct Professor, Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Coordinator of the Design Course, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil, lima.mmxavier@gmail.com AD - Lecturer, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil, freitas8@terra.com.br AD - Professor, School of Art, Design and Architecture, Department of Architecture and 3D Design, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, p.tzortzopoulos@hud.ac.uk AD - Full Professor, Department of Structural Engineering and Civil Construction, Leader of the GERCON, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil, barrosneto@gercon.ufc.br AB - This research focuses on identifying waiting time in design process. This comprised the application of value stream mapping to identify existing flows and design waiting times. From this diagnosis, it was possible to propose recommendations reducing identified waste of time. This study demonstrates the viability of using the value stream mapping and to improve architectural designs process.ed technologies can be implemented in an integrated way in practice. KW - Design process KW - Lean design KW - wait. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1417/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1417 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Review of Lean Design Management: Processes, Methods and Technologies C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 571 EP - 578 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0224 AU - Uusitalo, Petteri AU - Olivieri, Hylton AU - Seppänen, Olli AU - Pikas, Ergo AU - Peltokorpi, Antti AD - Doctoral Student, Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering; Rakentajanaukio 4 A, P.O. Box 12100, 00076 Aalto, petteri.uusitalo@aalto.fi AD - Postdoctoral Researcher, Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering, hylton.olivieri@aalto.fi AD - Professor of Practice, Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi AD - Doctoral Student, Civil Engineering Dept., Aalto University, Tallinn University of Technology ergo.pikas@aalto.fi AD - Assistant Professor, Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering, antti.peltokorpi@aalto.fi AB - Lean Design Management (LDM) has been used by lean practitioners to manage the design process in construction. Several methods, processes and tools have been successfully implemented, such as the Last Planner System (LPS), Target Value Design (TVD), Set-Based Design and Design Structure Matrix. However, despite the increased use of LDM, many attributes are still applied in an isolated manner. Thus, there is a lack of an integrated framework which takes into account possible combinations of LDM methods, processes, and technologies used by designers and construction companies. The aim of this paper is to analyse design management attributes based on a literature review, case studies and interviews with practitioners, in three countries (Finland, Norway and United States), which have previously reported advanced lean design management implementations. Three new attributes were identified based on the case studies and interviews: Location-Based Design Management, Level of Detail and Real-time cost estimation. The completed list of attributes was presented to three Finnish contractors, and each selected a different combination of tools for their project which will be used as case studies in future research. Future research will test new combinations of LDM tools and evaluate their interactions and benefits to the project teams. KW - Lean Design Management KW - Lean Construction KW - Last Planner System KW - Virtual Design and Construction KW - Collaboration PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1418/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1418 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Strategic Considerations for Applying Choosing by Advantages in Design Process. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 507 EP - 514 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0239 AU - Kpamma, Zoya E. AU - Adjei-Kumi, Theophilus AU - Ayarkwa, Joshua AU - Adinyira, Emmanuel AD - Senior Lecturer, Department of Building Technology, Sunyani Technical University, Sunyani, Ghana, evanskpamma@yahoo,co.uk AD - Senior Lecturer, Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, tadjei-kumi@yahoo.com AD - Professor, Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana , ayarkwajosh@yahoo.com AD - Senior Lecturer, Department of Building Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, rasadii@yahoo.com AB - The design process is fraught with a myriad of decision points. The outcome of these decision points is significant in discovering and generating value in the construction project delivery process. Application of a collaborative decision system, such as choosing by advantages (CBA), on these decision points, has been established to enhance value generation by enhancing participation, transparency and respect among stakeholders. However, little attention has been given to identifying strategic considerations for operationalizing CBA application across the design process spectrum. This paper combines knowledge from the case application of CBA, on selected design decisions, with theories on design process management and lean design in identifying these strategic considerations. Significant findings, among others, is the need to stratify the design process into identifiable decision frames to form the basis for applying CBA across the design process spectrum; the use of boundary objects to enhance communication among stakeholders in CBA application in design process; and the need for clearly established project requirements at the project definition phase to provide a sound basis for the CBA process. Findings of this study should provide a practical guide for CBA application in design process towards lean design implementation. KW - Choosing by advantages KW - design process management KW - value KW - lean design KW - decision frames. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1419/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1419 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - How Evidence-Based Design Supports Better Value Generation for End-Users C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 579 EP - 586 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0202 AU - Zhang, Y. AU - Tzortzopoulos, P. AU - Kagioglou, M. AD - Research fellow of School of Arts Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK, +44 1484 471 632, y.zhang2@hud.ac.uk AD - Head of Department of Architecture, School of Arts Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK, +44 1484 472 281, p.tzortzopoulos@hud.ac.uk AD - Dean of School of Arts Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK, +44 1484 472 289, m.kagioglou@hud.ac.uk AB - Interest in evidence-based design (EBD) has been growing extensively. Proper design decisions can, not only maximise the occupants’ health benefits, but also, improve service delivery. There is a clear link between the concept of EBD and that of value generation to guide decision-making for better healthcare design. Through an extensive literature review, a conceptual framework is presented, illustrating important decision-making steps, considering EBD as a means, with an emphasis on how it helps increase the end-user’s value generation. The paper concludes by identifying limitations and potential future studies. KW - value KW - healthcare building KW - evidence-based design PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1420/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1420 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - A Case Study on the Success Factors of Target Value Design C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 563 EP - 570 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0324 AU - Tillmann, Patricia A. AU - Do, Doanh AU - Ballard, Glenn AD - Senior Lean Manager, University of California San Francisco, California, +14152799102, patricia.andretillmann@ucsf.edu AD - Co-founder, Paramount Decisions, California, +17146229754, doanhqdo@gmail.com AD - Director, Project Production Systems Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, California, +1415- 710-5531, gballard@berkeley.edu AB - Target Value Design (TVD) has extensively been adopted in Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) environments in the U.S. Drawn from a profit planning approach used in the manufacturing industry called Target Costing (TC), TVD supports integrated project teams to plan and deliver projects for an agreed target cost. Research on TVD has revealed the success rate for delivering a project at or below the agreed target varies, and the results does not always meet expectations. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to report on lessons learned from an in depth case study that can contribute to advance the knowledge and improve the practical application of TVD on IPD projects. The research reported in this paper is part of an overarching research effort to improve the adoption of lean construction methods in the context of IPD-ish type of projects for the public sector in California. As multiparty agreements is not an option available for organizations in the public sector, this research effort focuses on understanding the underlying mechanisms of IPD in addition to contextual elements that can influence the successful application of TVD. KW - Target Value Design KW - Target Costing KW - Integrated Project Delivery PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1421/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1421 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - The ER Design Simulation Game: Experience and Reflect C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 515 EP - 522 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0106 AU - Lidelöw, Helena AD - Associate Professor, Division of Industrialized and Sustainable Construction, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resource Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden, helena.lidelow@ltu.se AB - KW - Design simulation KW - Lean games KW - Lean simulation KW - Reflection PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1422/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1422 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Analysis of the Influence of Lean Construction and Leed Certification on the Quality of Construction Sites C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 887 EP - 894 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0197 AU - Cunha, Thaís AU - Lima, Mariana M. X. AD - Civil Engineer, M. Sc. Student, Department of Structural Engineering and Civil Construction, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, thaisdemelo11@gmail.com AD - Professor, Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, mariana@dau.ufc.br AB - Adequate planning of construction sites guarantees better efficiency, productivity, quality on the development of all work activities, optimization of the physical available space, workers' safety and motivation in performing their duties. The objective of this paper is to verify the influence of Lean Construction and LEED Certification on the quality of construction sites. The aspects analyzed were Temporary Facilities, Safety, Material Handling and Storage at construction sites by using a checklist developed by Saurin and Formoso (2006). Forty construction sites in the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza (MRF), Brazil, were analyzed. The results pointed to a direct relationship between the implementation of Lean Construction and LEED Certification and the overall quality of work at construction sites. The concepts of Lean Construction are linked to a better quality of material handling and storage, temporary facilities and safety at construction sites. Also, the LEED Certification influences to a better quality of material handling and storage. Those two aspects combined make the construction site safer and more efficient, reduce material waste and cost, as well as increase the quality of the services executed. KW - Lean Construction. LEED Certification. Construction Sites. Construction Quality. Construction Safety PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1423/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1423 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Principles for Safety Performance Measurement Systems Based on Resilience Engineering C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 903 EP - 910 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0326 AU - Peñaloza, Guillermina A. AU - Formoso, Carlos T. AU - Saurin, Tarcisio A. AD - PhD student at NORIE/UFRGS - Built Environment Innovation Unit, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Osvaldo Aranha, 99. Porto Alegre, 3o andar, RS, Brazil. CEP 90035-190. +55 51 33083518 arq.guillerminapenaloza@gmail.com AD - Professor at NORIE /UFRGS formoso@ufrgs.br AD - Assistant Professor at NORIE /UFRGS saurin@ufrgs.br AB - The emergence of new technologies and new types of risks, in which the relationships between people and technology are complex and dynamic, challenge the models and techniques that have been used to measure safety performance. Traditional approaches are usually reactive and have little predictive value. Thus, this study discusses the design of safety performance measurement systems based on the Resilience Engineering paradigm, so that these are capable of monitoring and managing risks continuously throughout the life-cycle of the system. Resilience Engineering is relevant from the Lean perspective because it is useful to devise ways to balance safety and efficiency pressures, which otherwise can contribute to wastes and accidents. This paper presents the preliminary results of a systematic literature review of principles for designing safety performance measurement systems based on the Resilience Engineering paradigm. Five principles were identified: management commitment, awareness, anticipation, continuous learning and flexibility. KW - safety performance measurement KW - resilience engineering KW - systematic literature review PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1424/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1424 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - A Comparison of Project Alliancing and Lean Construction C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 61 EP - 68 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0196 AU - Young, Brendan K. AU - Hosseini, Ali AU - Lædre, Ola AD - Graduate Research Assistant, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, +47 944 31 715, brendan@stud.ntnu.no AD - PhD Candidate, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, +47 913 09 166, ali.hosseini@ntnu.no AD - Associate Professor, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, +47 735 94 739, ola.ladre@ntnu.no AB - As the adoption of both alliancing and lean in the construction industry has started becoming more prevalent, knowledge of the alignment of Lean Construction with alliancing could be valuable to practitioners looking at adopting lean project delivery. This paper contributes to addressing this issue by providing insight into the relationship between the alliancing project delivery method and Lean Construction project delivery through the review of a literature review, interviews and a document study. A major driver of alliancing is to deliver value for money to the client, so it comes as a surprise that, to this date, alliancing has yet to fully capitalize on the Lean Construction operating system to drive the pursuit of maximum value. The inclusion of a lean operating system would require only minor changes to the existing structure of a standard project alliancing agreement. Alliancing could essentially remain the same, both structurally and commercially, while incorporating Lean Construction methods and tools into its operating system. In the right circumstances, this combination could be used to deliver greater value to the client. KW - Alliancing KW - Lean Construction KW - Operating System KW - Organisation KW - Commercial. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1425/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1425 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Discrete Costing Versus Collaborative Costing. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 3 EP - 10 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0341 AU - Namadi, Sa’id A. AU - Pasquire, Christine AU - Manu, Emmanuel AD - PhD Research Student, Centre for Lean Projects, School of Architecture, Design and Built Environment, Nottingham Trent University, UK, +44(0)7592030388 sa’id.ahmednamadi2015@my.ntu.ac.uk AD - Professor, School of Architecture, Design and Built Environment, and Director Centre for Lean Projects, Nottingham Trent University, UK, +44(0) 115 848 2095 christine.pasquire@ntu.ac.uk AD - Senior Lecturer, School of Architecture, Design and Built Environment, Projects, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK, +44(0) 7735083823 emmanuel.manu@ntu.ac.uk AB - The UK construction industry has witnessed a recent shift towards integrated and collaborative approaches. Such collaborative efforts include the use of integrated systems like BIM, lean and innovative procurement options which are now reshaping project delivery systems. However, in the UK, most efforts have focused primarily on the conventional project management system, which is coherent and contract-based and has brought the separation in the processes of costing/design and production. In fact, cost and design processes are still treated as independent and separate functions which are carried out discretely within the current project delivery system. This neglect, and the lack of a holistic and collaborative approach in costing, arguably accounts for much of the cost overrun that is still prevalent in the UK industry. Traditionally, cost management has been the chief duty of Quantity Surveyors (QSs) in the UK. Recently, Target Value Design (TVD) has emerged as a management approach under the lean philosophy that aims to deliver exactly what the customer needs in terms of value within stipulated project constraints. The technique is aimed at making the budget become an input in the design and decision making process rather than an outcome of a design. The growth of collaborative approaches such as TVD opens new opportunities for project participants to deliver more value for clients and work collaboratively. This paper reports on the literature review that aimed at developing a framework to improve the current cost management practice towards a more collaborative system against the existing discrete form of costing that inhibits collaboration. KW - Keywords: Discrete Costing KW - Collaborative Costing KW - Target Value Design KW - Cost Management KW - Quantity Surveying. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1426/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1426 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Exploring the Application of Lean Principles to a Construction Supply Chain C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 771 EP - 779 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0125 AU - Broft, Rafaella AD - SCM Consultant and part-time Research Student, The Bartlett School of Construction & Project Management, University College London, London, UK, r.d.broft@gmail.com AB - The characteristics known in construction are often seen as peculiarities of the industry and prevent the attainment of flows as efficient as in manufacturing. The construction industry knows two typical problems resulting from high levels of fragmentation and low levels of repetition: lack of control and decreasing performance. Despite the critical role of a client, parties on the supply side – the lower tiers of the construction SC – are believed to be able to develop into more integrated systems, independently from the demand. Contractors are willing to develop closer relationships, but implementing SCM seems a long-term, complex process and requires a certain level of understanding and therefore learning throughout the supply chain. Some characteristics of the industry are even believed and described a non-suitable base for implementing SCM. This paper sets out to explore possibilities and examines the results of a step towards successful SCM in construction. It describes the advantages of the application of some important Lean principles, by presenting the differences within the processes needed to produce one construction 'product' in two different ways – with a product- and project-focus. The two cases involve a supply chain, operating in the Dutch construction industry and representing long-term agreements between one main contractor and its most critical suppliers in housing. With the analysis, the paper provides the reader with the necessary insights to take an important step in implementing SCM in construction. KW - Supply chain Management KW - lean construction KW - lead time reduction KW - value stream thinking KW - flow PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1427/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1427 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Value Stream Mapping - a Case Study of Cold-Formed Steel House Framing for Offsite Manufacturing Supply Chain C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 829 EP - 836 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0071 AU - Masood, Rehan AU - Gonzalez, Vicente AU - Lim, James B.P. AD - PhD Candidate, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, rmas769@aucklanduni.ac.nz AD - Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, v.gonzalez@auckland.ac.nz AD - Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, james.lim@auckland.ac.nz AB - Offsite manufacturing (OSM) has the potential to help reduce the housing shortfall by increasing the supply of housing stock. The poor performance of the construction supply chain is the main reason for the low uptake of OSM. OSM supply chain characteristics such as configuration, information flow and material flow are different for OSM technologies. Furthermore, there are inefficiencies in the supply chain causing waste, which also varies with OSM technology. A case study of the OSM supply chain for structural framing for cold-formed steel (CFS) houses is mapped and assessed using value stream mapping (VSM). From the VSM it is possible to understand current performance and determine opportunities for improvement. Such information can help foster further adoption of OSM of CFS in housing. KW - Offsite manufacturing KW - Supply chain management KW - Value stream mapping KW - Housing KW - Cold-formed steel framing PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1428/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1428 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Value Stream Mapping: A Case Study in Structural Masonry C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 755 EP - 762 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0167 AU - Melo, Luane A. P. AU - Lima, Victor F. C. de AU - Melo, Reymard Savio S. de AD - Graduate Special Student, Graduate program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil, luane_paiva@hotmail.com AD - Graduate Special Student, Graduate program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil, victorfclima@gmail.com AD - Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Dept., Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil, smelo@ct.ufrn.br AB - There is a growing interest in the Lean Thinking (LT) principles due to the high levels of waste in construction. Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is as an important tool for a systematic implementation of the LT. Few studies have addressed the application of VSM for improvements related to the execution of structural masonry, therefore this article presents an exploratory case study that aims to propose improvements for this process. Data was collected in a residential project, where the execution of structural masonry is the activity of greatest impact in the budget and schedule. From field observations, interviews and analysis of administrative documentation, the VSM of the current state was elaborated and analyzed through the LT. Improvements in the future VSM focused mainly in the elimination of transport and excess (inventory) wastes. A reduction of 45.5% in cycle time and an increase in Value Aggregation Time (VAT) from 32.45 to 60.55% is estimated. The VSM provided a systemic view of the value chain of the process, facilitating the identification of wastes, their origin and the proposition of improvements. KW - Value Stream Mapping KW - Structural masonry KW - Lean Thinking PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1429/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1429 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - 3d Concrete Printing in the Service of Lean Construction. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 781 EP - 788 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0246 AU - El Sakka, Fatima AU - Hamzeh, Farook AD - Master’s Student, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, fbe04@mail.aub.edu AD - Assistant Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon, + 961350000 Ext 3616, fax: + 61 1 744462, Farook.Hamzeh@aub.edu.lb AB - With the current conventional construction practices, the application of lean thinking is deemed challenging. Yet the introduction of 3D printing to the construction industry seems to bolster the lean philosophy goals. The literature, however, has not yet sufficiently addressed the correlation between 3D concrete printing and lean construction. Thus, this research aims at uncovering the complementary relationship between the two. The study is based on mapping the value stream of the construction process of a residential house using data extracted from an actual project. Value stream mapping is conducted for both methods of construction, the conventional method and 3D concrete printing. Comparing the value stream maps revealed a 60% reduction in the production lead time. Further analysis unveiled reduction in construction cost, especially labour cost, minimization of different types of waste as well as improvement of quality. Such achievements satisfy the essential goals of a lean process including higher quality, lower cost, and shorter lead time. KW - Lean construction KW - 3D concrete printing KW - traditional construction KW - value stream mapping PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1430/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1430 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Removing Waste While Preserving Slack: The Lean and Complexity Perspectives C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 209 EP - 216 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0099 AU - Saurin, Tarcisio A. AD - Associate Professor, Industrial Engineering and Transportation Department. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, saurin@ufrgs.br AB - In complex socio-technical systems such as construction projects, the lean emphasis on waste reduction can contribute to the depletion of necessary slack for managing unexpected variability. This risk is amplified by the absence of a solid lean theory on slack and on how to manage the trade-off between slack and efficiency. Furthermore, lean focuses on managing slack in terms of time and inventories. Thus, a broader approach that accounts for a wide variety of slack resources is necessary. In this paper, the complexity science´s and lean´s views of slack are laid down and compared based on eleven criteria. Commonalities and conflicts between both approaches are identified, and proposals for future research related to slack management in lean complex systems are presented. KW - Slack KW - buffers KW - complexity KW - waste KW - lean PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1435/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1435 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - A Portfolio/Process/Operations (PPO) Analysis of a Meta-Project Production System in Renovation Projects C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 161 EP - 168 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0322 AU - Korb, Samuel AU - Sacks, Rafael AU - Alhava, Otto AD - PhD Student, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, shmuel.korb@technion.ac.il AD - Associate Professor, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, cvsacks@technion.ac.il AD - Otto Alhava, M.Sc. (Tech.), Chief Technology Officer, Fira Group Oy, Vantaa, Finland, otto.alhava@fira.fi AB - The Portfolio/Process/Operations (PPO) model is a novel approach to understanding the elements that impact production systems in the world of construction. Building on prior work such as the "Transformation-Flow-Value" (TFV) theory, the PPO model adds a multi- and meta-project view through its consideration of the total "Portfolio" of projects and partners in which each company in the industry is engaged. Fira Palvelut is a Finnish contractor specializing in the refurbishment of bathrooms in the aging Finnish mass housing market. This paper examines Fira's efforts to improve their operations and finds that by addressing each of the elements of the PPO model, they have managed to build a robust and successful production system that dramatically outpaces the industry standard for project lead time. In the renovation sphere, this means customers must be out of their houses for significantly less time while the work is performed. In this paper, we give a background to the PPO model and Fira Palvelut's operations, and analyze their success through the lens of each element of the model. KW - Lean construction KW - PPO model KW - case study KW - linked projects PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1437/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1437 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Assessing the Impact of Lean Methods in Mining Development Projects C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 137 EP - 144 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0272 AU - Baladrón, Cristóbal AU - Alarcón, Luis F. AD - MSc Student, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Edificio San Agustín 3er Piso, Macul, Santiago, Chile, Phone +56 2 2354 4244, cbaladr1@uc.cl AD - Professor, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Edificio San Agustín 3er Piso, Macul, Santiago, Chile, Phone +56 2 2354 4244, lalarcon@ing.puc.cl AB - One of the main challenges that developing countries face is the need to increase productivity. In Chile, the most important productivity gap in both mining and construction industries is the lack of operational efficiency, caused mainly by the low adoption of advance management methods. Hence, considering the need to increase productivity through operational efficiency, lean production emerges as a management system with the objective to create value while eliminating waste, and continuously seek operational excellence. This research evaluates the impacts of the implementation of lean methods in an underground mining development project in the execution phase, which will help to better understand to what extent these methodologies can affect the performance of this type of projects. This research indicates that the implementation of lean methods in an underground mining development project had a statistical significant improvement of the mean for all indicators studied. Likewise, the implementation produced a statistically significant reduction of the variability for some indicators; moreover, there is a considerable reduction in the coefficient of variation (CV), which indicates more stable processes. In addition, this research demonstrates that there is a statistically significant correlation between the percent of plan completed and its coefficient of variation. KW - lean construction KW - lean mining KW - mining development project KW - percent of plan completed (PPC) KW - variability PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1439/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1439 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Application of Lean Production With Value Stream Mapping to the Blasting and Coating Industry C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 217 EP - 224 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0308 AU - Shou, Wenchi AU - Wang, Jun AU - Wu, Peng AU - Wang, Xiangyu AU - Song, Yongze AD - Ph.D. student, Australasian Joint Research Center for BIM, Curtin Univ., Perth, Australia, wenchi.shou@postgrad.curtin.edu.au AD - Ph.D. student, Australasian Joint Research Center for BIM, Curtin Univ., Perth, Australia, jun.wang15@postgrad.curtin.edu.au AD - Senior Lecture, Australasian Joint Research Center for BIM, Curtin Univ., Perth, Australia, peng.wu@curtin.edu AD - Professor, Australasian Joint Research Center for BIM, Curtin Univ., Perth, Australia, xiangyu.wang@curtin.edu.au AD - Ph.D. student, Australasian Joint Research Center for BIM, Curtin Univ., Perth, Australia, yongze.song@postgrad.curtin.edu.au AB - Lean production involves a variety of principles and techniques, all of which aim to eliminate waste and non-value-added activities at every production or service process. To stay competitive, many Australian owners in the blasting and coating industry have sought to improve their production process productivity and human performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of existing lean principles by using Value Stream Mapping (VSM) in the blasting and coating industry. A real case is selected as a model, both current and future states of shop-floor production scenarios are discussed using value stream concepts. This is analysed along with calculations of cycle time, work-in-process inventory, and waiting time. A framework of lean improvement is proposed which includes: (1) waste elimination by using techniques of standardisation, supermarket, and pull scheduling system; (2) workforce involvement; and (3) client integration. The results showed that the product delivery rates could be significantly increased through lean implementation. KW - lean production KW - value stream mapping (VSM) KW - blasting and coating industry KW - production management KW - pull scheduling PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1440/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1440 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Integrating Delivery of a Large Hospital Complex C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 201 EP - 208 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0348 AU - Reed, Dean AU - Ashcraft, Howard AU - Khanzode, Atul AU - Fischer, Martin AU - Rischmoller, Leonardo AU - Berg, Peter AD - Organizer for Lean and Integrated Project Delivery, DPR Construction, Redwood City, CA. deanr@dpr.com AD - Partner, Hanson Bridgett, San Francisco, CA, hashcraft@hansonbridgett.com AD - Director for Technology and Innovation, DPR Construction, Redwood City, CA, atulk@dpr.com AD - Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering and (by Courtesy) Computer Science and Director, Center for Integrated Facility Engineering (CIFE), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, fischer@stanford.edu AD - Business Process Analyst, DPR Construction, Redwood City, CA, leonardor@dpr.com AD - Project Executive, DPR Construction, Phoenix, AZ, peterb@dpr.com AB - Building a high performing building requires project teams to integrate their knowledge, their organization and their information, leveraging metrics, models (energy, BIM, cost and schedule), co-location and collaboration, and production management. This model, the “Simple Framework for Integrating Project Delivery” was validated in action on the UCSF Mission Bay Hospitals project. The senior project leaders created an integrated community that employed Lean and Virtual Design and Construction methods to create solutions in the best interest of the project. KW - Simple Framework KW - integration KW - leadership KW - collaboration KW - capabilities PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1441/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1441 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Assessment of Performance Measurement Frameworks Supporting the Implementation of Lean Construction C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 153 EP - 160 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0073 AU - Hatzigeorgiou, Alexandros AU - Manoliadis, Odysseas AD - Civil Engineer A.U.Th., M.B.A. U.O.M., MSc "Engineering Project Management", School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, Patra, Greece, alexhatz1973@gmail.com AD - Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece, omanolia@civil.duth.gr AB - Construction companies can perceive significant benefits of Lean Construction management, although cannot clearly identify the extent and origin of the obtained benefits. Frameworks, consisting structured tools suitable for business management, find wide application in the field of Performance Measurement, in most of the industries. The role of contemporary, process-oriented, Performance Measurement frameworks, like the European Foundation for Quality Management Excellence Model, the Balanced Scorecard and Key Performance Indicators, in supporting Lean Construction is examined in this study. The contribution of Performance Measurement Systems developed upon such frameworks, in the implementation of basic Lean Construction principles, like waste/variability reduction, operation simplification and benchmarking, is demonstrated by reviewing a number of related studies from the literature and identifying their basic characteristics regarding the adopted Performance Measurement frameworks and the involved Lean Construction principles. The presented studies indicate that the use of these frameworks, and especially Key Performance Indicators, can assist the KW - lean construction principles KW - performance measurement frameworks PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1442/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1442 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Hierarchy of Value Perceived by Groups of Users About Their Neighbourhood C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 193 EP - 200 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0186 AU - Nascimento da Silva, Michelle AU - Miron, Luciana Inês Gomes AD - PhD Student, Programa de pós-graduação em Planejamento Urbano e Regional (PROPUR) Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, michelly_nds@yahoo.com.br AD - PhD, Associate Professor, School of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, luciana.miron@ufrgs.br AB - The value perceived by the client is a concept that has attracted a growing interest among Lean Construction researchers. The perceived value, associated with the Means-End Chain Model and the laddering technique, has allowed for the understanding of the personal values influence on the users’ perception of value. The application of this concept regarding the built environment on the neighbourhood, scale has the potential for contributing to the concept of value consolidation. The aim of this paper is to identify and compare the perception of value of two user groups of a neighbourhood. The research strategy adopted was case study. The main study contributions refer to the contribution of the perception of value knowledge in the complex relationship between users and the built environment. KW - perceived value KW - personal values KW - means-end chain KW - laddering KW - neighbourhood. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1443/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1443 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Ethical Dilemmas in Value Delivery: Theoretical Conditions C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 145 EP - 152 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0276 AU - Drevland, Frode AU - Lohne, Jardar AU - Klakegg, Ole Jonny AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, frode.drevland@ntnu.no AD - Research Scientist, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, jardar.lohne@ntnu.no AD - Professor, Department of Civil and Transport Environmental, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, ole.jonny.klakegg@ntnu.nomailto:jardar.lohne@ntnu.no AB - Delivering value for the customer is one of the core tenets of lean construction. However, anyone who is affected by a project is considered a customer of the project. Often, different customers of a project will be at odds with each with regards to what constitutes value for them. This could potentially lead to ethical dilemmas for the project delivery team. This is a subject that has so far been given little attention in literature. In this paper we set forth a theoretical framework for investigating ethical dilemmas in value delivery that will form the basis for future empirical research on ethical issues related to value delivery. More precisely we examine fundamental reasons for ethical dilemmas occurring in the context of value delivery. We theorize that ethical dilemmas in construction projects typically arises when there is misalignment of value between project stakeholders. KW - Lean construction KW - ethics KW - value KW - value delivery PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1444/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1444 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - On Epistemology of Construction Engineering and Management. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 169 EP - 176 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0336 AU - Koskela, Lauri AU - Pikas, Ergo AU - Niiranen, Jarkko AU - Ferrantelli, Andrea AU - Dave, Bhargav AD - University of Huddersfield, School of Art, Design and Architecture, l.koskela@hud.ac.uk AD - Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering and Tallinn University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering AD - Aalto University, Department of Civil Engineering AD - Tallinn University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering AD - Aalto University, Department of Computing AB - In philosophy of science, there have been two different starting points for epistemology: Platonism and Aristotelianism. These two alternative starting points have played a major role also in the formation of fundamental ideas of engineering and management generally as well as in relation to construction. It is contended that an overly Platonic influence on engineering and management has created a number of problems. For solving these problems, beyond mere patching, a more balanced take on Platonism and Aristotelianism is needed KW - Epistemology KW - Construction Engineering KW - Construction Management. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1445/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1445 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Initial Euphoria to Sustained Change - Mainstreaming Lean Culture C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 267 EP - 274 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0288 AU - Delhi, Venkata S. K. AU - N, Raghavan AU - Mahalingam, Ashwin AU - Varghese, Koshy AD - Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Dept., Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India, venkatad@iitb.ac.in AD - Professor of Practice, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India nraghavan@iitm.ac.in AD - Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India, mash@iitm.ac.in AD - Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India koshy@iitm.ac.in AB - In line with the trend of spread of Lean Construction concepts in the recent past, Lean construction philosophy was introduced in a large industrial project of a leading organisation about two years back. The drive by the top management, augmented by efforts of the Lean champions in the project team, helped the project team to transition from the conventional project delivery method to the Lean Construction method. The present study looks at the developments in Lean implementation in the Project over time, based on observations on such dynamics and understanding the strategies which might help to mainstream Lean philosophy introduction in other similar organisations and construction projects. A detailed case study based approach was adopted to this end. The mentoring coach closely observed the behavioural developments of the Project team over time. Data for analysis included primary observations by the mentoring coach, minutes of the various meetings of the project team under study and one- on- one interactions with various team members. The analysis gave some significant insights on how to continue the initial momentum gained towards sustained Lean implementation on construction projects and in organisations. KW - Sustained Lean Practice KW - Lean Culture KW - Transformation KW - Behaviour change KW - Human resources. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1446/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1446 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Building a Lean Culture. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 309 EP - 316 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0301 AU - Hackler, Cory AU - Byse, Erika AU - Reed, Dean AU - Alves, Thais da C.L. AD - DPR Construction, 1450 Veterans Boulevard, Redwood City, CA. CoryHa@dpr.com AD - DPR Construction, 222 N. 44th Street, Phoenix, Arizona 85034, ErikaB@dpr.com AD - DPR Construction, 1450 Veterans Boulevard, Redwood City, CA. DeanR@dpr.com AD - Associate Professor, J.R. Filanc Construction Engineering and Management Program, Dept. of Civil, Constr., and Env. Engineering, San Diego State University, USA, talves@mail.sdsu.edu AB - To accelerate understanding and implementation of Lean throughout a large general contracting company, the Lean leadership group, with the support of management at all levels, shifted from training employees on tools and solutions, to educating them about Lean principles as an overarching way to run their projects. This industry paper describes the work that the company has and is currently doing to train professionals in all its business units. It explains why and how the effort started, the feedback received from participants who have attended a new course in Lean leadership, and the plans to expand this program to increase and sustain Lean implementation. The paper provides a contribution to the literature on Lean implementation and change management and underscores the importance of creating a culture based on solid understanding of the Lean vocabulary, principles, and goals to create a critical mass across projects. KW - Lean leadership KW - Lean education KW - Lean culture. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1447/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1447 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - A Lean Construction Maturity Model for Organizations. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 357 EP - 364 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0293 AU - Nesensohn, Claus AD - CEO and founder, Refine Projects AG, Schelmenwasenstraße 34, 70567 Stuttgart Germany, +49 179 9789624, claus.nesensohn@refineprojects.com AB - At IGLC 2014 a Lean Construction Maturity Model (LCMM) was introduced and at IGLC 2015 its validation was presented. The LCMM offers organizations in the AEC Industry to obtain a systemic and holistic overview of their current state of LC maturity and provides them with support in their maturation. This paper intends to motivate its implementation in practice in order to test and demonstrate the whole range of benefits and implications of the LCMM. Therefore, this paper proposes a self-assessment template of the LCMM with a two-step procedure to obtain the current maturity level of any organization with regards to Lean Construction (LC). It will enable practitioners to measure the gap between where they currently are as well as develop an improvement plan to improve their LC maturity. KW - Process improvement KW - Lean Construction Maturity KW - LCMM KW - Maturity model KW - Organizational assessment PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1448/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1448 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Analysis and Assessment for Lean Construction Adoption: The DOLC Tool C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 429 EP - 435 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0117 AU - Carvalho, Bruno Soares de AU - Scheer, Sergio AD - PhD Student, PPGECC - Post Graduation Program in Construction Engineering. Universidade Federal do Parana, Brazil. bruno@aiza.com.br AD - Professor, Civil Engineering Research Center. Universidade Federal do Parana, Brazil. scheer@ufpr.br AB - Construction companies have difficulties to measure the performance of their efforts regarding the use and application of the Lean Construction philosophy. To serve as support for this development, a tool called DOLC was created to analyze and assess the degree of Lean Construction of a construction company. Based on the 11 principles of Koskela (1992), the DOLC performs the analysis involving 5 (five) different stakeholders: directors, engineers, construction workers, suppliers and designers of a construction company. This tool generates an index for the establishment of improvement by the analyzed constructors. In this paper, 35 case studies are presented between 2008 and 2016, in which the tool was used in Brazil, applied by different researchers and presented in published papers. Based on this research, an overview on the conditions of use of Lean Construction in Brazil is presented. KW - Lean construction KW - DOLC KW - Degree of Lean Construction. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1449/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1449 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Delivery Methods and Social Network Analysis of Unethical Behavior in the Construction Industry C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 453 EP - 460 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0213 AU - Thameem, Muzafar AU - Rybkowski, Zofia K. AU - Smith, James P. AD - Graduate Student, Department of Construction Science, College of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA, muztheem@tamu.edu AD - Associate Professor, Department of Construction Science, College of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA, Ph :+1-979-845-4354, zrybkowski@tamu.edu AD - Assistant Professor, School of Technology, Department of Construction and Facilities Management, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA, james_smith@byu.edu 461 AB - The construction industry accounts for about one-third of gross capital formation and is ranked as one of the most corrupt. It is a multifaceted industry with unregulated transactions in which illicit behavior can be difficult to detect. The effects of corruption go beyond demoralization associated with bribery, it can lead to substandard quality of infrastructure and insufficient funds available for project maintenance. There are a multitude of reasons identified as possible causes for unethical conduct. A few researchers cited corruption as a result of an unethical decision. Prior research concerning corruption in construction has called for several main strategies: enhanced transparency, ethical codes, project governance, and audit and information technology. However, strategies to combat corruption may not be sufficient. This research first presents an overview of unethical conduct in the industry. Then it examines the ethics in the industry followed by types of relationships and their structure which may be conducive to unethical conduct within the framework of different delivery methods. Finally, an argument is made regarding the importance of strength of relationships in curbing unethical conduct. KW - Unethical behavior KW - Relational Contracting KW - Lean Construction PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1450/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1450 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Automation of the Building Information Model Breakdown Structure. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 389 EP - 396 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0216 AU - Rischmoller, Leonardo AU - Dong, Ning (Tony) AU - Fischer, Martin AU - Khanzode, Atul AD - DPR BIM Manager, DPR Construction LeonardoR@dpr.com AD - DPR R&D Manager TonyD@dpr.com AD - Center for Integrated Facility Engineer, Stanford University, Director fischer@stanford.edu AD - DPR Technology Group Director AtulK@dpr.com AB - Breaking down project information via different breakdown structures has been a successful way of managing and controlling construction projects with levels of efficiency and effectiveness otherwise unimaginable to achieve over the past decades. However, the current practice of grouping and organizing building information models from multiple project participants does not reflect such breakdown structures well. This gap renders it a challenge to introducing Building Information Modelling (BIM) to on-site meetings in the construction phase, such as daily subcontractor huddle and pull planning meetings, in which on-the-spot-requests to query federated models are prevalent. This paper introduces the underlying concepts of a method that allows automatic grouping of models so that the model breakdown structure (MBS) matches a certain breakdown structure within a project. An automation tool has been developed accordingly and tested in two case studies, which prove that the proposed method enables project participants without extensive trainings of BIM the rapid identification of the desired model contents. KW - Building Information Modelling (BIM) KW - breakdown structure KW - model breakdown structure (MBS) PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1451/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1451 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Real-Time Tracking of Production Control: Requirements and Solutions C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 671 EP - 678 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0177 AU - Olivieri, Hylton AU - Seppänen, Olli AU - Peltokorpi, Antti AD - Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University School of Engineering, Espoo, Finland, hylton.olivieri@aalto.fi AD - Professor of Practice, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University School of Engineering, Espoo, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi AD - Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University School of Engineering, Espoo, Finland, antti.peltokorpi@aalto.fi AB - Production control in construction has been mainly discussed within the scope of Lean Construction, through tools and methods such as Last Planner System (LPS), Location-Based Management System (LBMS), and Takt Time Planning (TTP). However, despite the increasing use of these systems, information about the use of equipment, labour, and materials is still gathered through manual data collection, if at all. Real-time process information about these production factors is missing. This paper proposes an intelligent system for real-time production control (iCONS), which has been developed based on the requirements set by construction professionals from four countries, the existing technical solutions that have been used in real-time tracking, and on the proposed new solutions that can fulfill the requirements. Four types of requirements were identified based on interviews: 1) safety management, 2) monitoring process information, productivity and waste, 3) material logistics, and 4) location-based information on pull basis. The proposed system fills the key requirements by sharing and integrating real-time information between materials tracked with RFID tags, labour and equipment tracked by Bluetooth beacons, communicating with location-based gateways and iCONS app through a cloud-based solution. Project teams can use this system to improve production efficiency, management of suppliers, and safety conditions. KW - Lean construction KW - production control KW - tracking KW - resources KW - communication systems PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1452/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1452 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Visualizing Daily On-site Space Use C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 597 EP - 604 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0258 AU - Bascoul, Audrey M. AU - Tommelein, Iris D. AD - PhD candidate, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA, AudreyBascoul@berkeley.edu AD - Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, and Director of the Project Production Systems Laboratory (p2sl.berkeley.edu), 212 McLaughlin Hall, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720- 1712, USA, tommelein@berkeley.edu AB - Visual Management (VM) is integral to the lean philosophy. For example, an Andon makes a light flash in the case of a deviation in the process of assembly or in the product assembled, a Kanban triggers the production of units in order to fill a customer's demand, shadow boards used in 5S help workers to locate their tools easily. What is lacking in the construction industry is simple, cost- and time-effective programs that support the understanding of the work schedule, foster transparency in daily coordination of work space among subcontractors, and facilitate production control. To address these needs, this paper presents a space scheduling program called LOSite developed for a case study project, and demonstrates that space use visualization is possible on large scale projects and can be inexpensive yet worthwhile using. The researchers prototyped LOSite in one week to help visualize the work being done during a project's interiors phase. LOSite was tested over the course of a month. Limitations to the full adoption of LOSite by the team are discussed in this paper. KW - Lean construction KW - Visual Management KW - space use KW - space scheduling KW - subcontractor coordination. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1453/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1453 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Digital Kanban Boards Used in Design and 3d Coordination. C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 663 EP - 670 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0345 AU - Modrich, Ralf-Uwe AU - Cousins, Bruce C. AD - Sr. Project Manager WEBCOR BUILDERS, 710 N. McDonnell Rd SFO T1-BAB Project T. 510-825-0358 AD - Principal, Sword Integrated Building Solutions, 125 2nd Street #606 Oakland, CA 94607 Phone (510) 309- 2003 AB - The hypothesis of this research is that the Last Planner System® (LPS) in combination with the Kanban Method is better suited than conventional project production planning and controls to manage the design phase. In the Toyota Production System (TPS) the Kanban (sign board) is attached to the material or product and is pulled through the manufacturing process. In design and product development the Kanban is attached to the information or knowledge and is pulled through the design process. In the presented case studies, the authors developed several prototypes of a Kanban board. One is used in architectural design and in pre-construction processes to manage the 3D design and 3D coordination process and another is used to manage the design issues in an integrated and concurrent design process. The physical Kanban board displays each stakeholders’ tasks across multiple swim lanes, so the team can readily assess the task assignment and work in process (WIP), of team members in one glance. The physical boards are kept up to date with digital Kanban Boards. These Kanban applications facilitated “real time” synchronization among stakeholders for monitoring of both current and future activities (look ahead) and delivering promised design decisions for information required by upstream customers. In two of the case studies the LPS was used as the initial planning tool to develop a phase pull plan to define milestones, develop a design cycle plan and establish a design phase constraint log. The combination of LPS metrics with Kanban board metrics resulted in eliminating schedule uncertainty and improved information flow including less latency of the delivery of designbuilder’s work. The Kanban method was also found to be more agile than purely the LPS for managing the circular iterations of design decisions. These benefits also resulted in acceptance by design professionals to use a Lean design management approach. KW - Kanban KW - work in process (WIP) KW - agile KW - burn-down-chart KW - communication systems KW - design management KW - design/build KW - integrated project delivery KW - IPD KW - concurrent design PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1454/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1454 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - A Construction Delay Analysis Approach Based on Lean Principles C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 645 EP - 653 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0175 AU - Erol, Huseyin AU - Dikmen, Irem AU - Birgonul, M. Talat AD - , , PhD Student, Construction Management and Engineering Division, Civil Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, huseyinerol@yahoo.com AD - Professor, Construction Management and Engineering Division, Civil Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, idikmen@metu.edu.tr AD - Professor, Director of the Construction Management and Engineering Division, Civil Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, birgonul@metu.edu.tr AB - Delay is a quite common problem for construction projects. The existing practice of construction management is usually based on assessment of delays, liabilities and claims. However, this approach does not serve to remove the underlying causes of delay problems. In addition to estimation of delays, there is a need for a systematic method that will prevent delays in projects. Lean construction has tools and techniques that can serve for this purpose. However, a formal delay analysis procedure does not exist in lean practices since CPM adaptation is not well accepted. This paper advocates that integrated utilization of CPM and lean principles can help assessment of existing delays and minimization of delays in forthcoming stages. The methodology proposed in this study has not been applied on a real project, however, in this paper, its implementation steps are demonstrated using real project data. The proposed methodology is expected to help construction practitioners in delay analysis and when lean principles are applied appropriately, it can prevent delays, enhance schedule accuracy, and improve communication between the parties. KW - Lean construction KW - delay analysis KW - last planner system KW - critical path method KW - pull scheduling. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1456/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1456 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Phase Schedule Implementation and the Impact for Subcontractors C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 687 EP - 694 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0183 AU - Ribeiro, Flora Seixas AU - Costa, Dayana Bastos AU - Magalhães, Pedro Antunes AD - Civil Engineer, Master Student, Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, floraseixasribeiro@gmail.com AD - Associate Professor, Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Bahia, dayanabcosta@ufba.br AD - Civil Engineer, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, pedroamagalhaes@hotmail.com AB - The hiring of subcontractors for construction is widely adopted in the construction industry, so a good relationship between the subcontractors and contractors is essential for the success of the project. However, there is still a need to analyze how the subcontractors can improve their performance based on a collaborative planning process and their relationship with all participants in the project. This paper aims to discuss the impact of the Phase Schedule in the production planning and control focusing on the subcontractor’s viewpoint and how this process assists their performance and participation. To do that, an in-depth case study was developed from April to November 2016, involving the implementation of the Last Planner System focusing on the Phase Schedule technique, including cycles of monitoring through performance measures, as well as data collection through interviews, focusing on the perception of subcontractor’s and contractor’s concerning the impact of using Phase Scheduling in the planning process. The results show the reinforcement of teamwork and the sense of collaboration identified during the implementation lead to a positive participatio KW - Last Planner System KW - Phase Schedule KW - Subcontractor KW - Collaboration PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1457/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1457 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Introducing New Capacity Planning Metrics in Production Planning C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 679 EP - 686 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0203 AU - Rizk, Lynn AU - Hamzeh, Farook AU - Emdanat, Samir AD - Graduate Student, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, lar07@mail.aub.edu AD - Assistant Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, + 961 1 350000 Ext. 3616, fax: + 961 1 744462, Farook.Hamzeh@aub.edu.lb AD - Director of Management Services, Ghafari Associates, LLC, 17101 Michigan Avenue, Dearborn, Michigan 48126, semdanat@ghafari.com AB - The need for proper and reliable planning is essential for project success. Capacity planning has received good attention in the construction community but few metrics exist to assess its performance. Since it is impossible to improve what cannot be measured, the goal of this paper is to introduce new capacity planning metrics that will help visualize and understand the current state of capacity planning on construction projects. Is there an overloading or under loading of resources? The new metrics developed in this research, will attempt to help in assessing the state of equilibrium in choosing the weekly load of tasks to match the existing capacity, or at least, to minimize the gap between the two as much as possible. These new metrics, in theory, will achieve the goal of informing planners and last planners about the status of load vs. capacity, the matching between the two, and the reliability of capacity planning on a project. KW - Last Planner SystemTM KW - lean construction KW - planning and scheduling KW - capacity planning KW - capacity planning metrics KW - matching load to capacity. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1458/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1458 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Project Flexibility and Lean Construction C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 589 EP - 596 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0156 AU - Ballard, Glenn AU - Vaagen, Hajnalka AD - Dr. Ballard is Research Director for the Project Production Systems Laboratory at the University of California Berkeley. ballard@ce.berkeley.edu AD - Dr. Vaagen is Associate Professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, dept. of Ocean Operations and Civil Engineering. Hajnalka.vaagen@ntnu.no AB - The Last Planner system was initially focused only on production control functions, trying to improve the match between SHOULD and CAN, CAN and WILL, and WILL and DID. A partial specification of SHOULD was introduced into Last Planner practice in 1998 with the pull planning of phase schedules. The next logical extension of Last Planner is to the planning of master schedules and the project execution strategies of which they are a part. One of the key elements in that extension is managing variation, both negative and positive (risks and opportunities). This paper offers a framework for managing variation. Subsequent papers will apply that framework in processes for producing project execution strategies and master schedules. KW - Lean construction KW - Uncertainty KW - Flexibility PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1459/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1459 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Guidelines for Devising and Assessing Visual Management Systems in Construction Sites C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 695 EP - 702 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0095 AU - Valente, Caroline AU - Brandalise, Fernanda AU - Pivatto, Marinna AU - Formoso, Carlos AD - Msc. Student, Building Innovation Research Unit - NORIE, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, carolinevalente@gmail.com AD - Undergraduate Student, Building Innovation Research Unit - NORIE, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, fernandampbrandalise@gmail.com AD - Production Engineer, Cassol Pré-Fabricados, Brazil, marinna_pp@hotmail.com AD - Professor, Building Innovation Research Unit - NORIE, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, formoso@ufrgs.br AB - Visual Management (VM) has gained a prominent place in the Lean Production Philosophy, and is strongly connected to the core principle of increasing process transparency. However, the use of VM in construction sites is still relatively limited, and there is not much literature on the implementation of this principle. This paper proposes guidelines for devising and assessing VM systems in construction sites. It is based on a set of benchmarking studies, and on an empirical study conducted in a housebuilding firm that is widely recognised as a leading company in the implementation of Lean Construction in Brazil. Initially, an overall assessment of the VM system implemented in one construction site was conducted. Then, a more focused analysis was made on the installation of drywall internal partitions. The main contributions of this investigation are related to the need of integrating visual devices in the managerial routines of the company, as well as to the difficulties of providing autonomy to the production crews, and the need of decentralized production controls. KW - Visual Management KW - Transparency KW - Production Planning and Control PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1460/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1460 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Adjustment Mechanisms for Demand Oriented Optimisation in Takt Planning and Takt Control C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 613 EP - 620 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0086 AU - Binninger, Marco AU - Dlouhy, Janosch AU - Steuer, Dominik AU - Haghsheno, Shervin AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, marco.binninger@kit.edu AD - Research Fellow, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, janosch.dlouhy@kit.edu AD - Employee, BMW AG, Germany, dominik.steuer@bmwgroup.com AD - Professor, Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Germany, shervin.haghsheno@kit.edu AB - Takt Planning and Takt Control is a crucial method utilised in Lean Construction. It has however recently undergone criticism due to its scheduling rigidity during construction and hindrance to adjustments during the course of a project. Generating a takted time plan is done at the beginning of a project and is not necessarily fixed during its whole lifetime. The Takt Plan offers a framework for a stable project execution and increased transparency throughout the construction process. In case of disruptions or changes of the framework conditions, the consequences can be visualised and managed in a targeted way. The Takt Plan can then be adjusted in accordance. The long-term goal is to reduce the required adjustments and increase the accuracy of predictions. This is done by increasing the experience of practitioners within the method by applying it and through a greater control over the construction process. During the execution of a project various adjustment mechanisms can be applied. These adjustment mechanisms can be flexibly implemented depending on the circumstances and the desired approach. The aim of this article is to introduce and categorise possible adjustment mechanisms within the scope of Takt Planning and Takt Control. In total 31 adjustment mechanisms are identified. Based on the experience of the authors, their effects and consequences are additionally presented. Using examples, a selection of the five adjustment mechanisms most used in current projects are explained in detail. KW - Production Schedule KW - Takt Planning KW - Takt Time KW - Takt Control KW - Adjustment Mechanism PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1461/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1461 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Probability Density Function for Predicting Productivity in Masonry Construction Based on the Compatibility of a Crew C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 655 EP - 662 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0261 AU - Florez, Laura AU - Cortissoz, Jean C. AD - Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, NE18ST, laura.florez@northumbria.ac.uk AD - Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, jcortiss@uniandes.edu.co AB - During the different phases of a masonry project, contractors collect detailed information about the labor productivity of its workers and the factors that influence productivity. Information includes quantitative data such as hours, activities, and tasks, and qualitative data such as ratings and personality factors. Personality factors have been found to be a key aspect that influences the compatibility of a crew and the productivity in masonry construction. This paper proposes a mathematical framework to determine how the compatibility between the workers in a crew can be used to predict productivity. A standard method for quantifying personality is used to determine the compatibility of a crew and empirically define a probability density to predict productivity. The probability density determines, for a given compatibility, the average productivity for a crew. The most interesting part of this probability density is that it accounts for variations in the productivity, resulting from the interaction and the relationships between the workers in a crew. The proposed probability distribution can be used to make more realistic predictions, by calculating confidence intervals, of the productivity of masonry crews and to better estimate times of construction, avoid crew conflicts, and find practical ways to increase production. KW - masonry construction KW - productivity KW - process improvement KW - crew formation KW - probability density PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1462/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1462 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Prefabrication of Single-Family Timber Houses – Problem Areas and Wastes C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 837 EP - 844 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0133 AU - Popovic, Djordje AU - Schauerte, Tobias AU - Johansson, Jimmy AD - PhD Student, Department of Industrial engineering and management, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden, djordje.popovic@ju.se AD - Senior Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden, tobias.schauerte@lnu.se AD - Associate Professor, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden, jimmy.johansson@lnu.se AB - Industrialization of house building has shifted the activities traditionally done at building site to the off-site assembly. The design, manufacturing processes and on-site assembly in industrialized house building are defined and documented to form a process platform, but these must be evaluated and improved to constantly develop better and more efficient practice. Lean production and philosophy are still not well understood concepts at the shop floor and wasteful activities that decrease production efficiency are often overseen. Current waste categorizations and descriptions seem not to be addressing problem areas and occurrence of waste in prefabrication of single family timber houses. The research aim is to define problem areas that occur during the prefabrication of wall modules, associate them to eight types of waste and identify key problem areas for possible development and improvement. The study was based on secondary data from five case studies that primarily focused on identifying and proposing possibilities for development of productivity. Four problem areas were identified and the future improvement efforts for the prefabrication of single family houses can be placed on developing the processes of the assembly system problem area. The possible future study can aim at quantifying these problem areas. KW - Waste categorization KW - off-site production KW - wall modules PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1463/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1463 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Optimization on Supply-Constrained Module Assembly Process C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 813 EP - 820 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0104 AU - Liu, Jing AU - Lu, Ming AD - Ph.D. Student, Hole School of Construction Engineering, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, jing.liu@ualberta.ca AD - Professor, Hole School of Construction Engineering, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, mlu6@ualberta.ca AB - As off-shore prefabrication continues to gain momentum, supply chain management becomes increasingly complex for industrial modular construction projects and delays commonly occur to prefabricated modules. In order to make efficient utilization of limited module assembly resources (e.g., crews and bays) and reduce the waiting waste of materials on the module yard, a systematic optimization approach is desired to derive an optimal module assembly plan in coping with the dynamic supply chain and limited resource availability. By synthesizing information from the logistics management system, contract documents, and resources availability, a constraint programming based optimization algorithm is proposed. A case project abstracted from a real project is presented to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach. The information on module assembly start time, duration, and expected delivery time is generated to guide operations on the module yard. The minimum of total waiting time of materials on the module yard is derived for decision-making support. In conclusion, the proposed methodology seamlessly integrates principles of lean construction and constraints of resource scheduling into a constraint programming optimization formulation. This research potentially lends effective decision support to both crew work planning and materials logistical planning, ultimately leading to improvement on both construction productivity and logistical efficiency. KW - Supply chain management KW - project scheduling KW - waiting waste reduction PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1464/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1464 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Key Performance Indicator for Managing Construction Logistics Performance C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 869 EP - 876 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0013 AU - Ying, Fei AU - Tookey, John AD - Lecturer, Department of Built Environment, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand, fei.ying@aut.ac.nz AD - Professor, Department of Built Environment, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand, john.tookey@aut.ac.nz AB - Construction logistics is an essential part of lean construction for both project management and cost aspects. The quantum of money that is embodied in the transportation of materials to site could be 39 to 58% of total logistics costs and between 4 to 10% of the product selling price for many firms (Coyle, Bardi et al. 2003). However, limited attention has been paid to this issue in the New Zealand construction industry. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the knowledge about managing transportation costs by setting a Key Performance Indicator based on the number of vehicle movements to the construction site. A case study approach was adopted with on-site observations. Observations, including vehicle movements and material delivery patterns, were performed from the start of construction until “hand-over” to the building owner. Data analysis of vehicle movements suggested that construction transportation costs can be monitored and managed. The identified number of vehicle movements as a key performance indicator offers a significant step towards logistics performance management at the operational level in construction projects. It provides a basis for benchmarking that enables comparison, learning and improvement and thereby continuous enhancement of best practice. KW - Lean construction KW - construction logistics KW - KPI KW - New Zealand PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1465/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1465 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Mapping Waste in the Structural Design Process in South African Projects C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 475 EP - 482 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0053 AU - Aka, Adefemi AU - Emuze, Fidelis AU - Das, Dillip AD - PhD Researcher, Unit for Lean Construction and Sustainability, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa Tel: (051) 507 3915 Fax: (051) 507 3254, E-mail: aka.femi@futminna.edu.ng AD - Associate Professor and Head, Department of Built Environment, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa Tel: (051) 507 3089 Fax: (051) 507 3254, E-mail: femuze@cut.ac.za AD - 3 Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa Tel: (051) 507 3647 Fax: (051) 507 3254, Email: ddas@cut.ac.za AB - Non-Value Adding Activities That Are Otherwise Called ‘Waste’ In The Lean Terms Have Continue To Hinder Efficient Project Delivery In The Construction Industry. As Such, The Types Of Waste And Their Impact Are Subject Of Many Studies. However, Much Have Not Been Done Regarding Waste In The Structural Design Process (Sdp). This Paper Reports On An On-Going Action Research Study On Waste In The Sdp. To Understand The Waste Types And Their Effects, The Lean Tool, Value Stream Mapping (Vsm), Has Been Deployed In The Doctoral Study. To Make Use Of The Tool For Sdp, A Purposively Selected Sample Of Consulting Structural Engineers, Practicing In Bloemfontein Were Interviewed In 2015. After That, A Vsm Depicting The Current State Of The Sdp And The Waste In The Process Was Compiled. The Vsm Tool Was Used To Analyze And Design The Flow Of Information. Major Waste Types Include Waiting Time, Excessive Motion, Excessive Production, And Excessive Inspection. The Eradication Of These Waste Influenced The Design Of A Proposed Future State Vsm Wherein All The Identified Problems Are Adequately Addressed. The Applicability And Usefulness Of The Vsm As It Enables Structural Designers To Perceive The Various Activities That Could Be Trimmed In Each Phase Of The Sdp Is Supported By The Results Of The Study, Although The Credibility Of The Future State Vsm Is Currently Being Examined By The Consulting Engineers. KW - Construction KW - Design KW - Value Stream Mapping KW - Waste PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1466/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1466 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Application of Bim for Supporting Decisionmaking Related to Logistics in Prefabricated Building Systems C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 71 EP - 78 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0278 AU - Bataglin, Fernanda S. AU - Viana, Daniela D. AU - Formoso, Carlos T. AU - Bulhões, Iamara R. AD - M.Sc. Student, School of Engineering, Building Innovation Research Unit (NORIE), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil, fernanda.saidelles@gmail.com AD - Assistant Professor, Interdisciplinary Department, CLN, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil, danidietz@gmail.com AD - Professor, School of Engineering NORIE, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil, formoso@ufrgs.br AD - Assistant Professor, Interdisciplinary Department, CLN-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil, iamara.bulhoes@ufrgs.br AB - Managing industrialised construction requires an accurate synchronisation of design, manufacturing and assembly processes. Considering the high uncertainty and the interdependences between different processes on site, it is important to consider the status of the construction site in the planning and control process. Understanding the demands of site assembly in terms of components is a key step for integrating fabrication and site assembly. One possible approach is to use Building Information Modelling (BIM) for planning the logistics operations of prefabricated building systems. The aim of this paper is to describe an application of BIM 4D modelling for supporting the planning and control process of logistics operations for Engineer-toorder (ETO) concrete prefabricated structures. Design Science Research was the methodological approach adopted in this investigation, which involved an empirical study carried out in partnership with a company that design, produces and assemble prefabrication concrete structures. The main contribution of this investigation is on how to increase the reliability of information exchanges by concentrating product and process information in a BIM model. Also, some guidelines on how to plan loading and unloading operations, and how to use BIM to assess changes in production plans, considering the logistics impacts. KW - Industrialised construction KW - logistics process KW - 4D BIM simulation KW - planning loads KW - lean construction. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1467/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1467 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Comparing Production Design Activities and Location-Based Planning Tools C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 705 EP - 712 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0176 AU - Biotto, Clarissa AU - Kagioglou, Mike AU - Koskela, Lauri AU - Tzortzopoulos, Patricia AD - PhD candidate, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, Clarissa.Biotto@hud.ac.uk AD - Dean, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, M.Kagioglou@hud.ac.uk AD - Professor, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, L.Koskela@hud.ac.uk AD - Professor, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, P.Tzortzopoulos@hud.ac.uk AB - What are the differences between production system design and work structuring? And between phase scheduling and work structuring? Which lean planning tool is better suited for each one of these design processes: line of balance, takt-time planning or flowline? This paper aims to answer these questions through a comparison and deeper understanding of production design processes, as well as the potential uses of location-based tools for production planning and control in each design effort. The method used is the literature review analyses on main lean terms and tools applied for production system design. With a better comprehension of the terms and tools, it is expected that academics and lean practitioners will be able to apply lean construction in a more aware and sensible manner. The results will also support researcher’s decision about the most suitable lean tool to apply in the case studies in different production design processes. KW - Production design KW - phase scheduling KW - work structuring KW - line of balance KW - flowline KW - takt-time planning PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1468/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1468 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Why Lean Projects Are Safer C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 895 EP - 901 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0116 AU - Howell, Gregory AU - Ballard, Glenn AU - Demirkesen, Sevilay AD - Gregory Howell, Research Associate, Project Production Systems Laboratory at the University of California Berkeley. gah2343@gmail.com AD - Glenn Ballard is Research Director of the Project Production Systems Laboratory at the University of California Berkeley. ballard@ce.berkeley.edu; +1 4157105531. Corresponding Author AD - Sevilay Demirkesen is a post-doc at the Project Production Systems Laboratory at the University of California Berkeley. sevilaydemirkesen@berkeley.edu AB - Some evidence exists that lean projects are safer, but we don’t understand why. Providing an explanation is one of the objectives of the Construction Safety Research Group formed by the Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL). In this paper, we describe the research program of the group and its findings in year one of three, including an explanation why lean projects are safer that is grounded in the principle: Respect for people. KW - Lean Construction KW - Human Error KW - Research KW - Respect for people KW - Safety PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1469/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1469 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Supply Chain Design for Modular Construction Projects C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 797 EP - 804 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0193 AU - Hsu, Pei-Yuan AU - Aurisicchio, Marco AU - Angeloudis, Panagiotis AD - PhD Student, Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, UK, p.hsu15@imperial.ac.uk AD - Senior Lecturer, Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, UK, m.aurisicchio@imperial.ac.uk AD - Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, Imperial College London, UK, p.angeloudis@imperial.ac.uk AB - The construction sector is currently undergoing a shift from stick-built construction techniques to modular building systems. If construction supply chains are to support this transformation, they need to be modified and strengthened using an adapted logistics system. The aim of this study is to establish a mathematical model for the logistics of modular construction covering the three common tiers of operations: manufacturing, storage and construction. Previous studies have indicated that construction site delays constitute the largest cause of schedule deviations. Using the model outlined in this paper we seek to determine how factory manufacturing and inventory management should be adapted to variations in demand on the construction site. We propose a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model that captures construction scenarios with demands for modular products that are either foreseeable or abruptly disrupted. The use of the model is illustrated through a case study of bathroom pods for a building project. The model outputs include supply chain configurations that reduce total costs across a range of scenarios. The model could serve as a decision support tool for modular construction logistics. KW - Logistics KW - modular construction KW - inventory KW - supply chain KW - mixed integer programming PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1470/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1470 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - A Framework of Five-Stream Production System for Megaprojects C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 729 EP - 736 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0179 AU - Ibrahim, Michael W. AU - Berghede, Klas AU - Thomack, David AU - Lampsas, Panos AU - Kievet, Dave AU - Hanna, Awad S AD - Doctoral Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, 2256 Engineering Hall, 1415 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706. E-mail: mwwilliam@wisc.edu AD - Senior Production Manager, The Boldt Company, Western Operations, 2150 River Plaza Drive, Suite 255, Sacramento, CA 95833. E-mail: klas.bergheded@Boldt.com AD - Vice President and General Manager, The Boldt Company, 455 Market Street, Suite 1670, San Francisco, CA 94105. E-mail: david.thomack@Boldt.com AD - Regional Program Manager, Sutter Health, 1200 Van Ness Ave, San Francisco, CA 94109. E-mail: lampsasp@sutterhealth.org AD - Division President for Western and Southern Division at The Boldt Company, 2525 N. Roemer Road, Appleton, WI 54911. E-mail: dave.kievet@boldt.com AD - Professor and Chair, Construction Engineering and Management, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, 2320 Engineering Hall, 1415 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706. E-mail: ashanna@wisc.edu AB - Construction projects, particularly megaprojects, tend to frequently fail in satisfying their budget, schedule, quality, and safety objectives. Two of the most notable systems that have been developed to enhance project performance are the Last Planner® System and Location-Based Management System. This paper builds on combining these two systems through proposing an integrative production system that can play a significant role in enhancing project performance, especially in the case of megaprojects. The proposed production system incorporates five cohesive streams: production planning, material flow, Built in Quality (BIQ)/Information flow, tracking flow, and safety flow. This paper discusses each of these five streams, at five different implementation levels throughout the project lifecycle, in the context of an ongoing successful megaproject. Finally, the paper concludes by listing four main success pillars that are needed for the proposed production system to flourish. KW - Lean construction; Production system; Megaprojects; Case study; Integrated Lean Project Delivery® (ILPD) PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1471/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1471 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Contributions of Information Technologies to Last Planner System Implementation C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 87 EP - 94 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0255 AU - Lagos, Camilo Ignacio AU - Herrera, Rodrigo Fernando AU - Alarcón, Luis Fernando AD - Msc student, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Researcher - GEPUC, Santiago, Chile, clagos@gepro.cl AD - PhD student, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Professor School of Civil Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile, Researcher - GEPUC, Santiago, Chile, rodrigo.herrera@pucv.cl AD - Professor, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, lalarcon@ing.puc.cl AB - The Last Planner System (LPS) has been in use for over 20 years; however, some of its components remain at a basic level of implementation. This paper seeks to identify improvements in the level of implementation of those components with the use of Information Technologies (IT). In addition, correlation analysis between those components and the Plan Percent Complete (PPC) was performed to determine which components aided by IT use are correlated to the PPC. Results were obtained from a sample of 18 construction projects in which the level of implementation of 16 LPS components and their PPC were measured. Results showed that the group of 10 IT supported projects had a significant improvement in 6 of the components and in the overall level of implementation of the methodology. Also, correlative analysis between the level of implementation of each component and the PPC allowed to identify a positive correlation between 7 components and the PPC, and between the overall implementation level and the PPC. Finally, two components were found to be both correlated to the PPC and improved using IT. These components are the standardisation of the planning and control process, as well as the analysis and systematic removal of constraints. KW - : Last Planner System KW - Information Technologies KW - Implementation Level PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1472/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1472 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Value Stream Mapping: Case Study in Columns Concreting C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 821 EP - 828 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0168 AU - Germano, Andrezza V.C. AU - Fonsêca, Nayara Jhéssica M. AU - Melo, Reymard Sávio S. AU - Moura, Artur AD - Master's Student, Graduate program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil, andrezza.coutinho@hotmail.com AD - Master's Student, Graduate program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil, jhessica_marques5@hotmail.com AD - Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Dept., Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil, smelo@ct.ufrn.br AD - Civil Engineer, Construtora Constel, Natal, RN, Brazil, arturmoura@constell.com.br AB - Based on the principles of lean thinking, originated from the automobile industry, which seek to eliminate waste, practice continuous improvement and add value to the product from the perspective of the customer, some adaptations have been made to apply the philosophy of lean production in construction. Thus, this paper aims to propose improvements in the concrete placing process using Value Stream Mapping. Therefore, the research strategy adopted was the exploratory case study. The results suggest that the columns concreting process lead time could be potentially reduced from five hours and nineteen minutes to two hours and four minutes. KW - Lean construction KW - continuous flow KW - value stream mapping PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1473/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1473 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Integration of Lean and Information Technology to Enable a Customization Strategy in Affordable Housing C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 95 EP - 102 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0136 AU - Martinez, Eder AU - Tommelein, Iris D. AU - Alvear, Ariana AD - PhD, Global Process Manager, Hilti AG, Feldkircherstrasse 100, Schaan, Liechtenstein, email: edermartinezv@gmail.com AD - Professor, Civil and Envir. Engrg. Dept., Director, Project Production Systems Lab., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1712, USA, email: tommelein@berkeley.edu AD - MS Engineering and Project Management, Assistant Project Manager, Webcor Builders, San Francisco, CA, email: ariana.alvear@gmail.com AB - Affordable housing developers in Latin America would benefit from moving away from mass housing construction and expanding the variety of choice they offer to their customers in order to create greater customer satisfaction. Admittedly, offering variety poses operational challenges that may increase cost and extend construction time, so the challenge is for developers to find the means to deliver variety without significantly affecting housing affordability. Firms outside of the construction industry have made long-term investments to integrate Lean thinking and Information Technology (IT) into production systems aiming to deliver variety with efficiency. However, such investments may be hard to replicate in the construction industry, in which investment in process innovation and technology tends to be limited. This paper presents the experience of an Ecuadorian developer who integrated Lean and IT to support a customization strategy in affordable housing delivery. The developer faced several operational challenges as a result of allowing customers to select different features of housing units. The authors describe such challenges and present the development of a novel IT tool to enable Lean construction delivery. The evaluation demonstrates that Lean with IT integration improved internal communication enabling a faster response to meet customer choices. KW - Lean construction KW - affordable housing KW - information technology KW - housing customization KW - Latin America PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1474/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1474 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Development of Systematic Construction Logistics Using ‘Intelligent Products’ C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 103 EP - 110 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0295 AU - Mirzaeifar, Saeed AU - Dave, Bhargav AU - Singh, Vishal AD - PhD Candidate, Civil and Structural Engineering Dept., Aalto University; Finland. +358 44 9755377, Saeed.mirzaeifar@aalto.fi AD - Senior Researcher, Computer Science Dept., Aalto University; Finland. +358 50 4364717; bhargav.dave@aalto.fi AD - Assistant Professor, Civil and Structural Engineering, Aalto University; Finland; vishal.singh@aalto.fi AB - A cost-effective transfer of materials and tools from supplier location to construction site along with efficient information flow is defined as systematic construction logistics. Development of appropriate IT mechanisms plays an essential role for simplified production planning and elimination of wastes from broken resource. The contribution of this study in construction supply chain is to design and develop an innovative logistics management framework using context-aware and autonomous product centric system. More specifically, the proposed framework is responsive to real-world circumstances by demonstration of autonomous behaviour, and support several lean principles to improve resource and information flows. This paper addresses (i) an innovative solution for overcoming the construction logistics information flow challenges based on the intelligent product concept, (ii) a requirement analysis phase using “Quality Function Deployment” to turn the product requirements into technical specifications and (iii) implementation of a logistics management framework prototype to develop a first proof-of-concept. KW - Lean construction KW - computing KW - mixed reality KW - template KW - instructions PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1475/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1475 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Design-Build and Design-Bid-Build in Construction- a Comparative Review C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 35 EP - 43 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0057 AU - Plusquellec, Titouan AU - Lehoux, Nadia AU - Cimon, Yan AD - Graduate Student, CIRCERB, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; titouan.plusquellec.1@ulaval.ca AD - Associate Professor, Ph.D. CIRCERB; CIRRELT; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Nadia.Lehoux@gmc.ulaval.ca AD - Professor, Ph.D. CIRRELT; Faculty of Business Administration, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Yan.Cimon@fsa.ulaval.ca AB - This paper aims at synthesizing relevant findings about the Design-Build (DB) construction delivery system from previous studies. It focuses especially on cost, schedule, quality, and various sustainability aspects associated with a construction project, as they are widely used as performance indicators in this industry. This work has been done through a literature review and a content analysis, focusing on papers comparing Design-Build to the classical Design-Bid-Build delivery system. The results of the literature review show that Design-Build outperforms Design-Bid-Build in terms of cost and schedule growth as well as in terms of delivery speed, all for a similar quality. Furthermore, it may suggest that Design-Build could help in reaching highly sustainable goals while being a key step in the implementation of lean construction. This study might allow owners to save time in their investigation about the performance of Design-Build, and even lead them to reconsider their project delivery system choice when planning for new project launches. KW - Design-Build; Design-Bid-Build; Construction Delivery Systems; Comparative Review PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1477/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1477 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Simulation of Production Line Improvement in Modular Home Manufacturing C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 737 EP - 744 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0232 AU - Ritter, Chelsea AU - Zhang, Youyi AU - Dupuis, Roger AU - Al-Hussein, Mohamed AD - MSc Student, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, critter1@ualberta.ca AD - MSc Student, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, youyi@ualberta.ca AD - Safety – Quality – Continuous Improvement Manager , Kent Homes, Bouctouche, New Brunswick, Canada, dupuis.roger@kenthomes.com AD - Professor, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, malhussein@ualberta.ca AB - The production of modular homes is highly variable, where the production time for a single home can vary significantly. Because there is a large amount of variation and customization in the home models built, operation time on the production line varies greatly, and considerable effort is needed for production line flow balancing. Simulation not only allows the manufacturer to identify areas of potential improvement on the line, but also helps to measure the likely success of proposed changes before investment in or implementation of these changes. In this paper, a case study is presented which uses simulation to evaluate the current-state performance of a wall panel production line, and to validate several proposed changes in terms of whether or not they will be effective and should be implemented. KW - Production line performance KW - Simulation KW - Lean KW - Modular home manufacturing PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1478/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1478 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Applying Choosing by Advantages in the Public Tendering Procedure C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 45 EP - 52 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0303 AU - Schöttle, Annett AU - Arroyo, Paz AU - Haas Georgiev, Christine AD - PhD Candidate. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technology and Management in Construction (TMB), annett.schoettle@protonmail.com, Advisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Fritz Gehbauer, M.S. AD - Assistant Professor. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile. Phone +56 22354-4244, parroyo@ing.puc.cl. AD - Senior Counsel, Real Estate & Construction, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), 654 Minnesota Street, San Francisco CA 94143, USA. +1 415.514-3553, Christine.HaasGeorgiev@ucsf.edu. AB - Schöttle and Arroyo (2017) and demonstrate that the implementation of choosing by advantages (CBA) in the tendering procedure is beneficial for i) achieving transparency; ii) clarifying what an owner truly values in a project, and iii) creating value, prior to requesting proposals and receiving responses. Furthermore, CBA allows decision-makers to separate the value of the technical proposal versus the cost of the proposal; thus, a bad technical proposal cannot be compensated by a low bid. This paper explains how CBA can be applied in the tendering procedure and also how to adjust the CBA tabular method for public procurement. The authors explain the process steps of the method and outline what the owner needs to define before requesting and evaluating proposals. Finally, based on the constructed case of Schöttle et al. (2015) the procedure is analyzed and discussed. KW - Choosing by advantages KW - project team KW - selection KW - tendering procedure PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1479/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1479 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - IT for Lean Construction - a Survey in India C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 119 EP - 126 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0321 AU - Singh, Jyoti AU - Mangal, Mohit AU - Cheng, Jack C.P. AD - Research Postgraduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environment Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China, +852 5106 4954, jsinghab@connect.ust.hk AD - Research Postgraduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environment Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China, +852 5980 1108, mmangal@connect.ust.hk AD - Associate Professor (Corresponding Author), Dept. of Civil and Environment Engineering, The Hong Kong University, of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Chinamailto:f.n.bosche@hw.ac.uk, +852 2358 8186, cejcheng@.ust.hk, +852 2358 8186, cejcheng@.ust.hk AB - Construction is a complex and challenging process consisting of various kinds of waste resulting in client dissatisfaction, cost and time overrun. Waste is defined as a non-value adding component which uses project resources and efforts without achieving any objective. Factors leading to waste in construction are termed as "causes of waste". Current construction practices are unable to eliminate these "causes of waste" due to limited use of technology. This paper presents an IT based methodology to eliminate various "causes of waste" to support lean construction and thereby making the construction process efficient. A questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate major "causes of waste" in the Indian construction industry. 30 major "causes of waste" were identified in the design process, construction planning and site management process, and mal-administration. Literature review helped us identify 13 available IT applications for lean construction. This study aims to link the identified IT applications with relevant "causes of waste" through the developed relationship matrix to mitigate waste causing activities. It was observed that 23 out of the 30 identified major "causes of waste" can be eliminated from 13 identified IT applications. KW - Lean Construction KW - Information Technology KW - Survey PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1480/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1480 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Lean Construction in Small-Medium Sized Enterprises (Smes): An Exploration of the Highways Supply Chain C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 845 EP - 851 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0328 AU - Tezel, Algan AU - Koskela, Lauri AU - Aziz, Zeeshan AD - Research Fellow, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, a.tezel@hud.ac.uk AD - Professor, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, l.koskela@hud.ac.uk AD - Senior Lecturer, School of the Built Environment, University of Salford, Salford, UK, Z.Aziz@salford.ac.uk AB - Lean Construction (LC) is under the spotlight to improve the overall performance of civil construction projects in England. A strategic target of public clients is to effectively extend the current LC efforts, which have been mainly led by large companies to date, across small-medium sized enterprises (SMEs). This paper presents a summary of the initial findings of a research effort aimed at understanding the current condition of and future directions for LC at the SMEs in England’s highways supply chain. The research comprises of 20 interviews with senior managers, of which the initial findings were summarized in this paper, and a comprehensive survey study with 110 responses across the highways supply chain. 31 points for the current condition and 40 action items for the future of LC in the highways SMEs were presented and discussed. KW - Lean construction KW - SMEs KW - highways KW - civil KW - deployment KW - implementation PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1481/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1481 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Collaborative Takt Time Planning of Non-Repetitive Work C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 745 EP - 752 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0271 AU - Tommelein, Iris D. AD - Professor, Engrg. and Project Mgmt. Program, Civil and Envir. Engrg. Dept., Director, Project Production Systems Lab., University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, tommelein@berkeley.edu AB - This paper describes an approach for takt time planning (TTP) that was developed and tested on a pilot project in California. A companion paper by other authors describes their approach for TTP that they applied in a different project type-, commercial-, and geographical context. The aim of these papers is to articulate TTP methods used so as to allow for comparison, refinement, and improvement. The here-described approach was piloted on the gut-and-remodel of a small healthcare project. The owner chose to deliver this project using an Integrated Form of Agreement (IFOA) contract. Accordingly, the project team members working together as trade partners were driven to explore opportunities to use lean practices. The researchers offered the IFOA team an action research opportunity to study together, not so much if-, but rather how takt time might be used to plan and execute their work because, at first glance, units of repetitive work were not obvious. The researchers embedded with the team developed a TTP approach on the basis of “work density” and then successfully used it on two project phases. The contribution of this paper is that it presents a characterization and proposes a formalization of a method for collaborative TTP of non-repetitive work. This may inform the use of TTP on other projects, as well as serve as a basis for comparing and contrasting takt time- and other planning methods. KW - Lean construction KW - collaborative planning KW - takt time planning (TTP) KW - work structuring KW - work density KW - Last Planner System (LPS) PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1482/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1482 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Green Building and Lean Management: Synergies and Conflicts C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 911 EP - 918 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0242 AU - Weinheimer, Nina AU - Schmalz, Sarina AU - Müller, Daniela AD - Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing., Scientific Assistant, Institute of Construction Management, University of Stuttgart, Germany, nina.weinheimer@ibl.uni-stuttgart.de. AD - Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing., Scientific Assistant, Institute of Construction Management, University of Stuttgart, Germany, sarina.schmalz@ibl.uni-stuttgart.de. AD - B.Sc., Student of Real Estate Engineering and Management, University of Stuttgart, Germany AB - The construction industry is one of the largest, most important and resource-intensive economic sectors, and at the same time one of the largest environmental polluters. About 30% of greenhouse gas emissions, approx. 40% of primary energy consumption and approx. 50% of waste is attributable to the building stock (DGNB 2013). In the future, the implementation of sustainable building concepts will gain more importance. The construction industry needs to improve resource efficiency, productivity, waste production and customer value. The aim of this thesis is to present approaches considering the contribution of Lean methods in the context of Real Estate sustainability KW - https://10.24928/2017/0242 PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1483/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1483 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Flow and Resource Efficiency Measurement Method in Off-Site Production C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 861 EP - 868 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0094 AU - Wernicke, Brian AU - Lidelöw, Helena AU - Stehn, Lars AD - PhD student, Dept. of Civil, Envir. and Natural Resources Engrg., Div. of Industrialized and Sustainable Construction, Luleå Univ. of Technology, Sweden, brian.wernicke@ltu.se AD - Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil, Envir. and Natural Resources Engrg., Div. of Industrialized and Sustainable Construction, Luleå Univ. of Technology, Sweden, helena.lidelow@ltu.se AD - Professor, Dept. of Civil, Envir. and Natural Resources Engrg., Div. of Industrialized and Sustainable Construction, Luleå Univ. of Technology, Sweden, lars.stehn@ltu.se AB - Although the focus remains primarily on high resource efficiency, the significance of flow efficiency in construction is continuously increasing. Flow and resource efficiency describe two competing target viewpoints, which focus on reducing non-value adding activities and maximizing resource utilization, respectively. Recent research has shown that balancing both perspectives provides a viable solution. However, the exact measurement of flow and resource efficiency in construction remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this work is to evaluate a possible flow and resource efficiency measurement method in the off-site production context of volumetric element construction, and assess the industrial relevance thereof. Work sampling has been used to collect data from a building project flowing through the off-site production system. The validity of the method has been checked statistically, through a focus-group workshop and with calculation figures from the case company. Work sampling allows flow and resource efficiency measurements in an off-site production system. The method delivers current status figures of companies, yielding a balance between flow and resource efficiency. KW - House building KW - Industrialized construction KW - Performance measurement KW - Volumetric element KW - Work sampling PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1484/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1484 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Motives for the Use of Competitive Dialogue C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 53 EP - 60 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0146 AU - Wondimu, Paulos Abebe AU - Lohne, Jardar AU - Lædre, Ola AD - PhD Candidate, Department of civil and environmental engineering (IBM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway/Senior Engineer, Norwegian Public Roads Administration (NPRA), Norway, +4790111814, paulos.wondimu@ntnu.no/ paulos.wondimu@vegvesen.no AD - Researcher, Dr.Art., IBM, NTNU, jardar.lohne@ntnu.no AD - Assoc. prof., Dr.Ing., IBM, NTNU, ola.ladre@ntnu.no AB - Competitive dialogue (CD) is a seldom-practised procurement procedure in Norway. The Norwegian Public Roads Administration (NPRA) plans to use it in complex and mega infrastructure project in the future. This study investigates how CD has contributed to the implementation of lean in the public sector by answering the following two research questions: What are the motives for using CD?; and How was the CD carried out (timeline, main activities etc.)? With a supporting literature study, four cases were studied by conducting a document study and semi-structured in-depth interviewees with eight key informants. Several motives why CD has been used in the target projects were identified. However, none the identified motives were to directly implement lean. Furthermore, eleven major activities of CD and two project implementation models that have used CD were identified in the case projects. The motives behind implementing CD are found to be comparable to the motives for implementing lean construction principles. In addition, the dialogue phase is found to be at the core of the process and could contribute to reducing significant waste. The findings provide a contribution of how CD can be used to implement lean in public procurement. KW - Lean KW - Competitive dialogue KW - CD KW - Early contractor involvement KW - ECI public procurement KW - waste. PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1485/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1485 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER - TY - CONF TI - Lean Production Controlling and Tracking Using Digital Methods C1 - Heraklion, Greece C3 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction SP - 127 EP - 134 PY - 2017 DO - 10.24928/2017/0238 AU - von Heyl, Jakob AU - Teizer, Jochen AD - Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing., Scientific Assistant, Institute of Construction Management, University of Stuttgart, Germany, jakob.vonheyl@ibl.uni-stuttgart.de AD - Ph.D., Dipl.-Ing., Chair of Computing in Civil Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany, jochen.teizer@rub.de AB - Lean construction projects are understood as temporary production systems that eliminate waste, allow collaboration and optimize structures of the value added chain. Remaining crucial challenges in construction are the coordination of the involved trades and the tracking of construction progress. Current research in Lean Construction Management (LCM) targets automated digital methods that support work package planning and make inferences about states of progress. The scope of the presented work focuses on closing the feedback loop of lean construction planning, progress tracking, and status control by using 4D information from Building Information Modeling (BIM) as well as Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology for reporting actual progress. KW - Production Planning and Control KW - Last Planner System KW - Takt Planning and Takt Control KW - Information Management KW - Building Information Modeling KW - Information and Communication Technologies KW - Automated Progress Tracking PB - T2 - 25th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction DA - 2017/07/09 CY - Heraklion, Greece L1 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1486/pdf L2 - http://iglc.net/Papers/Details/1486 N1 - Export Date: 28 March 2024 DB - IGLC.net DP - IGLC LA - English ER -