https://doi.org/10.24928/2025/0199

Applying Lean Standard Operating Procedure to Panelized Prefabrication in the Factory

Leyi Zhou¹ & Xinming Li²

Abstract

This study investigates the application and significance of Lean Standard Operating Procedures (Lean SOPs) in panelized prefabrication within the construction industry, intending to improve efficiency, safety, and sustainability and accelerate the diffusion of Lean SOPs within the construction industry. As a component of off-site modular construction, panelized prefabrication is widely used for rapid on-site installation and a safer and more convenient off-site manufacturing process. This study develops a Lean SOP framework and evaluates it by tracking and monitoring operational performance using a structured approach of time study, ergonomic risk assessment and expert discussion. After implementing the SOP framework in a case study, the results show that Lean SOPs can reduce time consumption by up to 35%, improve ergonomic safety scores by more than 50%, and reduce hazard levels to acceptable levels, thereby increasing overall productivity.

Keywords

Panelized prefabrication, off-site manufacturing, SOP, efficiency, safety

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Reference in APA 7th edition format:

Zhou, L. & Li, X.. (2025). Applying Lean Standard Operating Procedure to Panelized Prefabrication in the Factory. In Seppänen, O., Koskela, L., & Murata , K. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC 33) (pp. 751–762). https://doi.org/10.24928/2025/0199

Shortened reference for use in IGLC papers:

Zhou, L. & Li, X.. (2025). Applying Lean Standard Operating Procedure to Panelized Prefabrication in the Factory. IGLC33. https://doi.org/10.24928/2025/0199